1854 births

Irish poet, playwright, and aesthete (1854-1900)

French poet (1854-1891)

French mathematician, physicist and engineer (1854–1912)

Pope of the Catholic Church from 1914 to 1922

German physiologist who received the first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1901 for his discovery of a diphtheria antitoxin

Jewish-German physician and scientist (1854-1915)

French chemist (1854–1941)

Czech-Austrian Marxist theorist (1854–1938)

Scottish social anthropologist (1854–1941)

American entrepreneur, inventor and photographer (1854–1932)

Czech composer (1854–1928)

vice president of the United States from 1913 to 1921

Belgian lawyer, politician and Nobel Peace Prize Laureate (1854-1943)

Swedish physicist

Australian bushranger (1854–1880)

Chinese translator (1854–1921)

Luso-American conductor and composer (1854–1932)

French writer and humorist (1854–1905)

inventor of the steam turbine (1854-1931)

English engineer, mathematician and inventor (1854-1923)

Finland Swedish painter and illustrator (1854-1905)

American journalist and anarchist (1854-1939)

German composer (1854–1921)

king of Serbia

British biologist, botanist and town planner (1854-1932)

French writer and philosopher (1854-1888)

8th prime minister of Canada (1854–1937)

Japanese politician (1854-1936)

Dutch physician and feminist, editor (1854–1929)

Russian Tsarist general of Baltic German descent (1854-1918)

Nobleman and naval officer (1854–1921)

American-born British mother of Winston Churchill (1854–1921)

Polish painter (1854–1929)

Swedish engineer, balloon pioneer and explorer (1854–1897)

Norwegian sailor and Arctic explorer (1854-1930)

French writer (1854–1907)

German philosopher and historian (1854–1924)

Prime Minister of Bulgaria (1854-1895)

Russian noble; titled Grand Duchess (1854-1920)

German educational theorist (1854-1932)

British statesman and colonial administrator (1854-1925)

French general (1854-1914)

Italian operatic composer (1854-1893)

Polish painter (1854–1893)

Wallachian-born Romanian poet, novelist, dramatist and literary critic (1854-1920)

Czech historian (1854-1918)

British theosophist (1854–1934)

Russian revolutionary, scientist, writer

general and colonial administrator from France (1854-1934)

German composer, pianist and teacher (1854–1925)

Hungarian-born British chess player

Spanish politician (1854-1912)

British businesswoman (1854–1943)

Romanian physician (1854–1926)

Spanish author (1854–1926)

Bolivian writer

Czech politician, poet, publicist, politician and politic writer (1864-1942)

Russian psychiatrist (1854-1900)

German indologist (1854–1920)

Italian mathematician (1854-1917)