1870s in Germany

German nation-state in Central Europe from 1871 to 1918

19th-century German Emperor and King of Prussia (1797–1888)

historical federal state in today's Northern Germany (1867–1871)

official name for the German nation state from 1871 to 1945, and name of Germany until 1949

The Kulturkampf (; ) was the seven-year political conflict (1871–1878) between the Catholic Church in Germany led by Pope Pius IX and the Kingdom of Prussia, led by Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, as well as other German states. The Prussian church-and-state political conflict was about the church's direct control over both education and ecclesiastical appointments in the Prussian kingdom. Moreover, when compared to other church-and-state conflicts about political culture, the Kulturkampf of Prussia also featured anti-Polish sentiment.

law of German Empire