9th-century births

pope

pope

Rurik (also spelled Rorik, Riurik or Ryurik; ; ; died 879) was a Varangian chieftain of the Rus' who, according to tradition, was invited to reign in Novgorod in the year 862. The Primary Chronicle states that Rurik was succeeded by his kinsman Oleg who was regent for his infant son Igor.

Arab Muslim hadith scholar (821–875)

King of East Francia from 843 to 876

final Emir of Córdoba (r. 912–929); founder and 1st Caliph of Córdoba (r. 929–961)

prince of Kiev (877–945)

9th century astronomer and physician

King of the Picts

Rollo (, Rolloun; ; ; – 933), also known with his epithet, Rollo "the Walker", was a Viking who, as Count of Rouen, became the first ruler of Normandy, a region in today's northern France. He emerged as a war leader among the Norsemen who had secured a permanent foothold on Frankish soil in the valley of the lower Seine. He was a prominent figure among the Vikings who besieged Paris in 885 and led the ill-fated Siege of Chartres in 911. The latter was nonetheless the catalyst for the consequential Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte, which saw Charles the Simple, king of West Francia, grant Rollo l

Byzantine emperor from 829 to 842

Mesopotamian astronomer and mathematician

Scottish king

Holy Roman Emperor from 891 to 894

King of Scotland

Bulgarian ruler

10th-century king of Scotland (Alba)

'''Abu l-Abbas Ahmad bin Abi Ya'qub bin Ja'far bin Wahb bin Wadiḥ al-Ya'qubi (died 897/8), commonly referred to simply by his nisba al-Yaʿqubi''', was an Arab Muslim historian and geographer.

King of Denmark

medieval Bulgarian scholar

rabbi, translator, Jewish philosopher and theologian (0882-0942) active during the Abbasid Caliphate in Egypt and Irak

Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Ṭalḥa ibn Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn Hārūn (853/4 or 860/1 – 5 April 902), better known by his regnal name al-Muʿtaḍid bi-llāh (), was the caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate from 892 until his death in 902.

Kassia, Cassia, Kassiane, or Kassiani (, ; – c.865) was a Byzantine-Greek composer, hymnographer and poet. She holds a unique place in Byzantine music as the only known woman whose music appears in the Byzantine liturgy. Approximately fifty of her hymns are extant, most of which are stichera, though at least 26 have uncertain attribution. The authenticity issues are due to many hymns being anonymous, and others ascribed to different authors in different manuscripts. She was an abbess of a convent in the west of Constantinople.

Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad ibn Hārūn ibn Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Muhtadī bi-ʾLlāh (‎; – 21 June 870), better known by his regnal name al-Muhtadī bi-ʾLlāh (Arabic: , "Guided by God"), was the Caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate from July 869 to June 870, during the "Anarchy at Samarra".

Persian Islamic polymath (died 895)

Byzantine Emperor's wife

thumb|St. Nennius by Harry Clarke Studios at St. Joseph's Carrickmacross

Siemowit (Polish pronunciation: [ɕɛˈmɔvit], also Ziemowit [ʑɛˈmɔvit]) was, according to the chronicles of Gallus Anonymus, the son of Piast the Wheelwright and Rzepicha. He is considered to be the first ruler of the Piast dynasty.

King of Provence

count of Barcelona and other Catalan counties (died 897)

Duke of Saxony

King of East Anglia from about 855 until 869

Asser (; ; died 909) was a Welsh monk from St David's, Dyfed, who became Bishop of Sherborne in the 890s. About 885 he was asked by Alfred the Great to leave St David's and join the circle of learned men whom Alfred was recruiting for his court. After spending a year at Caerwent because of illness, Asser accepted.

Count of Portugal

Bulgarian ruler

Benedictine monk, chronicler and music theorist

King of Pamplona from 882 to 905

Darma U Dum Tsen (), better known as Langdarma (, "Mature Bull" or "Darma the Bull"), was the last king of the Tibetan Empire who in 838 killed his brother, Tritsuk Detsen, then reigned from 841 until his assassination in 842. His reign led to the dissolution of the Tibetan Empire, which had extended beyond the Tibetan Plateau to include the Silk Roads with the Tibetan manuscript center at Sachu (Dunhuang), and neighbouring regions in China, Afghanistan, and India. He was assassinated by a Buddhist monk Lhalung Pelgyi Dorje.

Bulgarian ruler

Bardas (; died 21 April 866) was a Byzantine noble and high-ranking minister. As the brother of Empress Theodora, he rose to high office under Theophilos (. Although sidelined after Theophilos's death by Theodora and Theoktistos, in 855 he engineered Theoktistos's murder and became the de facto regent for his nephew, Michael III (). Rising to the rank of Caesar, he was the effective ruler of the Byzantine Empire for ten years, a period which saw military success, renewed diplomatic and missionary activity, and an intellectual revival that heralded the Macedonian Renaissance. He was assassinate

Duke of Saxony

9th-century Count of Soissons

thumb|Hucald's Musica, page 125 in the Codex 169(468) from the Abbey library of Saint Gall Hucbald ( – 20 June 930; also Hucbaldus or Hubaldus) was a Benedictine monk active as a music theorist, poet, composer, teacher, and hagiographer. He was long associated with Saint-Amand Abbey, so is often known as Hucbald of St Amand. Deeply influenced by Boethius' De Institutione Musica, Hucbald's (De) Musica, formerly known as De harmonica institutione, aims to reconcile ancient Greek music theory and the contemporary practice of Gregorian chant with the use of many notated examples. Among the leading

Spanish noble

Queen consort to Sancho I of Pamplona (died 958)

Engelberga (or Angilberga, died between 896 and 901) was the wife of Emperor Louis II and thus Carolingian empress to his death on 12 August 875. As empress, she exerted a powerful influence over her husband.

Catholic saint

Byzantine empress

ruler of Mercia

Byzantine general

Lombard duke of Spoleto from between 896 and 900 until 920/922

privateer (0900-1000)

10th-century Byzantine Empress

Duke of Great Moravia

Tulunid Emir of Egypt from 896 to 904

10th-century Byzantine empress, wife of Romanos I

Bulgarian monk and writer

Duke of Croatia

10th-century Byzantine general

German noble