Ancient Chinese capitals

Luoyang () is a city located in the confluence area of the Luo River and the Yellow River in the west of Henan province, China. Governed as a prefecture-level city, it borders the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the east, Pingdingshan to the southeast, Nanyang to the south, Sanmenxia to the west, Jiyuan to the north, and Jiaozuo to the northeast. As of December 31, 2018, Luoyang had a population of 6,888,500 inhabitants with 2,751,400 people living in the built-up (or metro) area made of the city's five out of six urban districts (except the Jili District not continuously urbanized) and Yan

Xianyang () is a prefecture-level city in central Shaanxi province, situated on the Wei River a few kilometers upstream (west) from the provincial capital of Xi'an. Once the capital of the Qin dynasty, it is now integrated into the Xi'an metropolitan area, one of the main urban agglomerations in northwestern China, with more than 7.17 million inhabitants. Its built-up area, consisting of 2 urban districts (Qindu and Weicheng), had 945,420 inhabitants at the 2010 census. It has a total area of .

thumb|Ruins of Shangdu Shangdu (; lit. "Upper Capital"; ), known in the West as Xanadu, was the summer capital of the Yuan dynasty. Located in what is now Zhenglan Banner, Inner Mongolia, it was designed by Chinese architect Liu Bingzhong and served as a seasonal retreat blending Mongolian steppe traditions with Chinese urban planning. The site gained legendary status after it was visited by Marco Polo and later inspired the English poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

Yinxu (; ) is a Chinese archeological site corresponding to Yin, the final capital of the Shang dynasty (). Located in present-day Anyang, Henan, Yin served as the capital during the Late Shang period () which spanned the reigns of 12 Shang kings and saw the emergence of oracle bone script, the earliest known Chinese writing. Along with oracle bone script and other material evidence for the Shang's existence, the site was forgotten for millennia. Its rediscovery in 1899 resulted from an investigation into oracle bones that were discovered being sold nearby. The rediscovery of Yinxu marked the

Xuchang (; postal: Hsuchang) is a prefecture-level city in central Henan province in Central China. It is bordered by the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the northwest, Kaifeng to the northeast, Zhoukou to the east, Luohe to the southeast, and Pingdingshan to the southwest.

thumb|right|300px|que (tower)|Que towers along the walls of Tang-era Chang'an, as depicted in this mural from [[Li Chongrun's tomb at the Qianling Mausoleum in Shaanxi]]

capital of the Yuan dynasty within present-day Beijing

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ancient Chinese city in what is now Linzhang County, Handan, Hebei Province and Anyang, Henan Province

thumb|300px|Map of Jiankang as the capital of the Southern Dynasties. Drawing by Chen Yi of the Ming dynasty Jiankang (), or Jianye (), as it was originally called, was the capital city of the Eastern Wu (229–265 and 266–280 CE), the Eastern Jin dynasty (317–420 CE) and the Southern Dynasties (420–552), including the Chen dynasty (557–589 CE). Its walls are extant as ruins in the modern municipal region of Nanjing. Jiankang was an important city of the Song dynasty. Its name was changed to Nanjing during the Ming dynasty.

Fenghao is the modern name for the twin city comprising Feng and Hao, the capitals of the Chinese Western Zhou dynasty (771 BCE). The cities were located on opposite banks of the Feng River near its confluence with the Wei in an area now part of Xi'an, Shaanxi.

Zhongdu (), also called Daxing City (), was a capital city of the Jin dynasty (1115–1234) of China, located in modern-day Beijing, in the southwestern part of Xicheng District. It served as the Jin capital from 1153 to 1214.

archaeological site in China

The Xiadu or Lower Capital of Yan () was one of the capitals of Yan during the Warring States period of ancient China. Xiadu may have been the largest city in the world from 400 to 300 BC, with an estimated peak population over 300,000.

capital of the ancient Chinese states of Ji and Yan, an imperial Chinese district capital, and a capital of the Liao and Jurchen Jin Empires

Zhaoge (), in modern Qi County, Hebi, Henan province, was the capital of the State of Wey in the Zhou dynasty. According to traditional histories, it had been the last capital of the Shang dynasty, from king Geng Ding or Wu Yi through the final three kings. In the 3rd century, Du Yu stated that the Yinxu 'ruins of Yin' referenced in the Zuo Zhuan was Zhaoge. In the early 20th century, archaeologists discovered the capital of the last 11 Shang kings, now known as Yinxu, on the edge of Anyang about north of Zhaoge.

Zhenxun () was the last capital for the pre historical Chinese Xia dynasty. There is a consensus among many Chinese scholars that the Erlitou site about 20 km east of central Luoyang is identified as Zhenxun.

southern capital of the Liao dynasty

settlement; ancient capital in Xi'an, Shaanxi

former capital of Later Jin; renamed to Xing Jing in 1636 by Hong Taiji