Ancient Greek law

thumb|The Areopagus as viewed from the Acropolis. thumb|Engraved plaque containing Apostle Paul's [[Areopagus sermon.]]

democratic regime in 5th- and 4th-century-BCE Athens

first legislator of Athens in Ancient Greece

Lycurgus (; ) was the legendary lawgiver of Sparta, credited with the formation of its (), involving political, economic, and social reforms to produce a military-oriented Spartan society in accordance with the Delphic oracle. The Spartans in the historical period honoured him as a god.

work of political philosophy by Aristotle

Platonic dialogue

In ancient Greece, a metic (Ancient Greek: , : from , , indicating change, and , 'dwelling') was a resident of Athens and some other cities who was a citizen of another polis. They held a status broadly analogous to modern permanent residency, being permitted indefinite residence without political rights.

The Heliaia or Heliaea (; Doric: Ἁλία Halia) was the largest and most prominent court venue in Classical Athens. The name, which originally designated this specific location, came to be used by ancient sources as a general term for the Athenian popular court system, though modern English-language scholarship typically reserves "Heliaia" for the venue and uses "dikasterion" (pl. dikasteria) for the institutional system.

5th-century BC Greek poet and sophist

ancient Greek legal code and inscription in Gortyn

thumb|250px|Zaleucus from "Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum "

laws and legal institutions of Ancient Greece

thumb|Site plan of the Ancient Agora of Athens where the prytaneis would preside over meetings (ca. 300 BC). The prytaneis (πρυτάνεις; sing.: πρύτανις prytanis) were the executives of the boule of Ancient Athens. They served in a prytaneion.

399 BCE legal case against Socrates

thumb|Inscription in honor of Abdashtart I|Straton, King of Sidon, giving him the title of proxenos: "Also Straton the king of Sidon shall be proxenos of the People of Athens, both himself and his descendants". [[Acropolis of Athens. This indicates that relations of proxeny existed not only among Greek cities but also with non-Greeks (Phoenicians in this case).]] thumb|Bronze plaque with inscription appointing an Athenian citizen to Proxenos, from Palaeopolis in ancient Corcyra, Greece, 4th Century BC, British Museum Proxeny or ' () in ancient Greece was an arrangement whereby a citizen (chose

constitution çreated by Solon in ancient Athens

Atimia () was a form of disenfranchisement used in ancient Greek cities.

sort of "alliance", or "treaty", in the ancient Greek World

work by Xenophon

law code created by Draco in the late 7th century BCE in response to the abuse of oral law by Athenian aristocrats

Greek political concept

public service in ancient Greece established by the city-state

Form of legal action used in ancient Athens

speech by Aeschines

5th-century BC Syracusan politician and military leader

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In Ancient Greece, dokimasia (Greek: δοκιμασία) was the name used at Athens to denote the process of ascertaining the capacity of the citizens for the exercise of public rights and duties.

thumb|Map illustrating the various alliances of the Peloponnesian Wars

Marriage, unions and partnerships in ancient Greece

ancient stoa in Athens

Nomothetai (, singular: , nomothetēs, "lawgivers") were lawmaking panels in classical Athens that approved or repealed laws (nomoi). They were established after the restoration of democracy in 403 BCE to separate the passing by the citizen Assembly (Ekklesia) of temporary decrees from the making of permanent laws.

place of refuge in antiquity

The term euthyna () and (in late Greek only) euthyne (), meaning straightening, was the examination of accountability which every public officer underwent on the expiration of his office in some states in Classical Greece. In Athens the examination had two parts; the logos ('statement of account'), concerned the handling of public money and dealt with by a board of ten logistai (λογισταί, accountants), and the euthynai proper, an opportunity to raise any other objection to one's conduct in office, dealt with by a board of ten euthynoi (εὔθυνοι, straighteners) appointed by the boule. These offi

A Delphinion (ancient Greek: Δελφίνιον) found in ancient Greece, was a temple of Apollo Delphinios ("Apollo of Delphi") also known as "Delphic Apollo" or "Pythian Apollo", the principal god of Delphi, who was regarded as the protector of ports and ships.

An isopoliteia () was a treaty of equal citizenship rights between the poleis (city-states) of ancient Greece. This happened through either mutual agreement between cities or through exchange of individual decrees. It was used to cement amicable diplomatic relations. The Aetolian League was a unique case of a larger political entity which granted isopoliteia treaties. Sympoliteia goes further, merging the governments of two or more poleis.

Asebeia () was a criminal charge in ancient Greece for the "desecration and mockery of divine objects", for "irreverence towards the state gods" and disrespect towards parents and dead ancestors. In English, the word is typically translated as or . Most evidence for it comes from ancient Athens.

Agyrrhius/Agyrrhios () of the deme Collytus in Attica, was an Athenian politician in the final years of the 5th and early years of the 4th century BCE. His best-known accomplishment was the establishment of pay for attendance at meetings of the Ekklesia (Assembly), in reward for which (apparently) he was elected general in 390/89. He was also named as one of the proposers of a decree to reduce payments to the comic poets. Harpokration gave him credit for establishing the theorika (festival fund) so the poor could attend theater performances, but this attribution is contested by some scholars.

Androlepsy or Androlepsia () or Androlepsion (), was an ancient Greek legal concept that served as a form of reprisal in cases of homicide. It was recognized by the international law of the Greeks; so that if a citizen of one state killed someone from another state and the perpetrator's country refused to surrender the murderer, the family of the deceased had the right to seize three citizens of the offender's state as hostages. These hostages would remain captive until the murderer was either handed over for justice or satisfaction was otherwise provided. Additionally, the property found on

right|thumbnail|A section of the Gortyn law code inscription, from the 5th century BCE|300px|alt=Stone wall with inscription in Greek letters. An epikleros (; : epikleroi) was an heiress in ancient Athens and other ancient Greek city states, specifically a daughter of a man who had no sons. In Sparta, they were called patrouchoi (), as they were in Gortyn. Athenian women were not allowed to hold property in their own name; in order to keep her father's property in the family, an epikleros was required to marry her father's nearest male relative. Even if a woman was already married, evidence su

Xenelasia (, ) or xenelasy was the practice in ancient Doric Crete and Lacedæmonia of expelling foreigners deemed injurious to the public welfare. The isolationist customs of Sparta (which included discouraging Spartan citizens from traveling outside the commonwealth) may also sometimes be referred to as xenelasia. The majority of ancient Greek authors attribute the codification of this practice to Lycurgus.

Rhaphanidosis is the act of inserting the root of a radish into the anus. It is mentioned by Aristophanes as a punishment for adultery in Classical Athens in the fifth and fourth century BC. It was also a punishment for other sex-related crimes, such as promiscuity and sodomy. Later classical references to the punishment include Catullus 15, where percurrent raphanique mugilesque (both radishes and mullets will run you through) is threatened against those who cast lascivious eyes on a boy (puer) the poet cares for. ==Historicity== There is some doubt as to whether the punishment was ever enfo

economic term of ancient Greece

Epidoseis () was a form of non-compulsory, non-tax financial giving in ancient Greece.

early sacred law found on Crete

In ancient Athens, epigamia () designated the legal right to contract a marriage. In particular it regulated the right of intermarrying into another city-state. In the period of Athenian democracy, such intermarriage was not allowed, and only a decree of the popular assembly could permit it. Even resident aliens (metoeci) did not have the right to marry Athenians.

The dikastērion (, translit. dikastērion; pl. dikastēria) was the system of popular jury courts in Classical Athens during the 5th and 4th centuries BCE. Alongside the Assembly (ekklesia) and the Council of 500 (boule), it formed one of the three central pillars of Athenian democracy. The dikastēria heard the vast majority of private suits (dikai) and public prosecutions (graphai)—excluding homicide. The term Heliaia, properly the name of the largest court venue (whose location remains unknown), came to be used by some ancient sources as a synonym for the system as a whole. Modern English-lang