Aristolochiaceae

The Aristolochiaceae () are a family, the birthwort family, of flowering plants with eight genera and about 400 known species belonging to the order Piperales. The type genus is Aristolochia L.

Hydnoroideae is a subfamily of parasitic flowering plants in the order Piperales. Traditionally, and as recently as the APG III system it given family rank under the name Hydnoraceae. It is now submerged in the Aristolochiaceae. It contains two genera, Hydnora and Prosopanche: Prosopanche is native to Central and South America; Hydnora can be found in semi-arid to desert regions of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and Madagascar.

Lactoris fernandeziana is a flowering shrub endemic to the cloud forest of Masatierra – Robinson Crusoe Island, of the Juan Fernández Islands archipelago of Chile. It is the only extant species in the genus Lactoris.

Prosopanche is a group of parasitic plants described as a genus in 1868.

Saruma is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Aristolochiaceae containing the single species Saruma henryi. It is endemic to China, where it occurs in Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, and Sichuan.