Bibliography file formats

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing data. It defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. The World Wide Web Consortium's XML 1.0 Specification of 1998 and several other related specifications—all of them free open standards—define XML.

data model for describing resources on the Web

standardized set of metadata elements

digital formats for library cataloguing

BibTeX, sometimes stylized as '''''' (, ), is both a bibliographic flat-file database file format and a software program for processing these files to produce lists of references (citations). The BibTeX file format is a widely used standard with broad support by reference management software.

BIBFRAME (Bibliographic Framework) is a data model for bibliographic description. BIBFRAME was designed to replace the MARC standards, and to use linked data principles to make bibliographic data more useful both within and outside the library community.

open XML-based language

international standard

publishing protocol

XML-based bibliographic description schema

standard file format for bibliographic data exchange