Building stone

right|thumb|A piece of flint long, weighing 171 grams

Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate grains, cemented together by another mineral. Sandstones comprise about 20–25% of all sedimentary rocks.

thumb|upright=1.35|Gravel (largest fragment in this photo is about )

thumb|upright=1.35|Close view of pebbles

Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous, metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade, regional metamorphism. It is the finest-grained foliated metamorphic rock. Foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering, but instead is in planes perpendicular to the direction of metamorphic compression.

thumb|A mason laying a brick on top of the mortar thumb|Bridge over the Isábena (river)|Isábena river in the Monastery of Santa María de Obarra, masonry construction with stones

mortarless masonry method

thumb|upright=1.3|Expanded horticultural perlite Perlite is an amorphous volcanic glass that has a relatively high water content, typically formed by the hydration of obsidian. It occurs naturally and has the unusual property of greatly expanding when heated sufficiently. It is an industrial mineral, suitable "as ceramic flux to lower the sintering temperature", and a commercial product useful for its low density after processing. It is also used as a soil conditioner in horticulture.

type of stonework found in ancient Mycenaean architecture

artificial gravel of angular shape, used as construction aggregate

thumb|Cobblestones on a road surface in Imola, Italy thumb|upright|Sett (paving)|Sett-paving, such as this surface in [[Fulham, south-west London, is also often referred to as "cobblestones".]]

piece of natural stone used for paving roads, sett is distinct from a cobblestone by being quarried and shaped to a regular form, whereas cobblestone naturally have a rounded shape due to erosion

masonry technique of texturing

Rubble is broken stone, of irregular size, shape and texture; undressed especially as a filling-in. Rubble naturally found in the soil is known also as 'brash' (compare cornbrash). Where present, it becomes more noticeable when the land is ploughed or worked.

thumb|An Ionic order|Ionic capital embedded in the south wall of the Church of St. Peter at Ennea Pyrgoi, [[Kalyvia Thorikou, Greece]] Spolia (Latin for 'spoils'; : spolium) are stones taken from an old structure and repurposed for new construction or decorative purposes. It is the result of an ancient and widespread practice (spoliation) whereby stone that has been quarried, cut and used in a built structure is carried away to be used elsewhere. The practice is of particular interest to historians, archaeologists and architectural historians since the gravestones, monuments and architectural

quarry where solid rock is excavated

thumb|Dry stone|Dry ashlar masonry laid in parallel courses on an Inca wall at [[Machu Picchu]] thumb|Ashlar masonry north gable of Banbury Town Hall, Oxfordshire thumb|quarry-faced stone|Quarry-faced red Longmeadow sandstone in random ashlar was specified by architect [[Henry Hobson Richardson for the North Congregational Church (Springfield, Massachusetts, 1871).]]

limestone quarried on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, England

type of masonry construction used in Roman and medieval times

natural stone that has been finished to specific sizes and shapes

class of synthetic stone products

thumb|right|300px|Reconstructed Talatats from the Gempaaten Talatat are limestone blocks of standardized size (c. 27 by 27 by 54 cm, corresponding to by by 1 ancient Egyptian cubits) used during the 18th Dynasty reign of the Pharaoh Akhenaten in the building of the Aten temples at Karnak and Akhetaten (modern Amarna). The standardized size and their small weight made construction more efficient. Their use may have begun in the second year of Akhenaten's reign. After the Amarna Period talatat construction was abandoned, apparently not having withstood the test of time.

thumb|A metro ventilation grating in Lisbon

broad category of coarse particulate material used in construction

thumb|Portage Park (Chicago)|Portage Park in [[Chicago is known for its flagstone decorations.]]

thumb|A larvikite quarry in Larvik, Norway, 2008 thumb|Polished larvikite (marketed as "Blue Pearl Granite"), showing labradorescence, is a popular decorative stone. thumb|Light larvikite with a polished surface

type of green serpentinite breccia rock with a high calcite content

building stone common in and around Jerusalem

group term of limestone from the peninsula Istria

oolitic limestone associated with Bath, Somerset, England, UK

Sandstone used in Florecian Renaissance architecture

fossiliferous limestone found in the Isle of Purbeck, Dorset

yellow Limestone used in constructions

thumb|260x260px|Riprap used to protect a streambank from erosion

rough, unhewn stone set in mortar, but not laid in regular courses

one of group of stones used to lift an agricultural storage building above the ground to protect the contents from vermin and damp

material simulating natural stone

thumb|300x300px|Brownstones in Harlem, Manhattan, New York City 300px|thumb|Biking among brownstones in Park Slope, Brooklyn Brownstone is a brown Triassic–Jurassic sandstone that was historically a popular building material. The term is also used in the United States and Canada to refer to a townhouse clad in this or any other aesthetically similar material.

variety of sedimentary rock deposited in the eastern Sahara, north-east Africa and Arabian Peninsula

marble quarried from the Yule Creek Valley in Colorado

smaller chunks or particles of granite, produced by weathering

thin sheets of stone applied as a decorative surface

forest in France

geologic formation in Japan

type of marble from Greece, Naxos island