Cardiology

Cardiology () is the study of the heart. Cardiology is a branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the heart and the cardiovascular system, and it is a sub-specialty of internal medicine. The field includes medical diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease, and electrophysiology. Physicians who specialize in this field of medicine are called cardiologists. Pediatric cardiologists are pediatricians who specialize in cardiology. Physicians who specialize in cardiac surgery are called cardiothoracic surgeons or cardia

thumb|250px|Structure of a chylomicron (the largest lipoprotein). ApoA, ApoB, ApoC, ApoE are [[apolipoproteins; green particles are phospholipids; T is triglyceride; C is cholesterol ester.]]

Echocardiography, also known as cardiac ultrasound, is the use of ultrasound to examine the heart. It is a type of medical imaging, using standard ultrasound or Doppler ultrasound. The visual image formed using this technique is called an echocardiogram, a cardiac echo, or simply an echo.

one of the five major groups of lipoprotein

implanted medical device that pumps blood

type of lipoprotein

medical procedure

circulation of blood in the blood vessels of the heart muscle (myocardium)

noise generated by the beating heart and the resultant flow of blood through it

peptide in Homo sapiens

in the fetal heart allows blood to enter the left atrium from the right atrium.

abnormal heart rhythm that starts in the atrial chambers of the heart

a brief loss of consciousness due to a neurologically induced drop in blood pressure.

variation in the time intervals between heartbeats

medical device to assist or replace a heart

any cardiac rhythm where depolarisation of the cardiac muscle begins at the sinus node

mechanical device that increases myocardial oxygen perfusion while at the same time increasing cardiac output

subclass of diuretics that limits the secretion of potassium into the urine

device implanted in the heart of a patient with valvular heart disease

brain blood flow

Lipoprotein(a) is a low-density lipoprotein variant containing a protein called apolipoprotein(a). Genetic and epidemiological studies have identified lipoprotein(a) as a risk factor for atherosclerosis and related diseases, such as coronary heart disease and stroke.

a mechanism that maintains blood pressure between two heart beats

series of actions that help to reduce the mortality associated with sudden cardiac arrest

virus that causes digestive upset and sometimes heart damage

rare disease

autosomal dominant disease characterized by myxomas, spotty pigmentation of the skin and endocrine overactivity

health awareness day

hospital ward specialized in caring for medical heart conditions that require continuous monitoring and treatment

ventricular rhythm with a rate of between 40 and 120 beats per minute

type of blood flow

thumb|The phenomenon of vessel restenosis, an immune response to damaged tissue, is known to be a common adverse event and the Achilles heel of angioplasty and stenting. Reducing restenosis is one of the highest priorities in research and the development of new endovascular technologies. Restenosis rates of drug-eluting stents appear to be significantly lower than bare-metal stents, and research is underway to determine if drug-coated balloons also improve restenosis outcomes.Restenosis is the recurrence of stenosis, a narrowing of a blood vessel, leading to restricted blood flow. Restenosis u

congenital heart defect where the left atrium (cor triatriatum sinistrum) or right atrium (cor triatriatum dextrum) is subdivided by a thin membrane, resulting in three atrial chambers

instrument that provided the first practical electrocardiogram

convention to present the extremity leads of the 12 lead electrocardiogram, that provides an illustrative logical sequence that helps interpretation of the ECG

set of clinical interventions for the emergency treatment of cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, and other life-threatening cardiovascular conditions

medical stent that dissolves or is absorbed by the body

study of the circulatory system, specifically addressing the physiology of the heart ("cardio") and blood vessels ("vascular")

the maximum pulse felt on the chest during heart beat

thumb | right | alt=SCORE table of the risk of death from cardiovascular disease over 10 years for high-risk European countries. | SCORE table of the risk of death from cardiovascular disease over 10 years for high-risk European countries. HeartScore is a cardiovascular disease risk assessment and management tool developed by the European Society of Cardiology, aimed at supporting clinicians in optimising individual cardiovascular risk reduction.

application of ultrasound contrast medium to traditional medical sonography

map depicting areas accessible from a point within a certain time threshold

type of abnormal heart sound

physical examination test useful in diagnosing right ventricle dysfunction

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

increment ratio between an adult individual's cardiac frequency and temperature when in fever

replacement of a failing aortic valve with an artificial one

feature of the right atrium in the human heart no significant features

medical condition

implantable medical device

A stromuhr (literally: German for stream clock) was a medical instrument designed by Carl Ludwig in 1867 to measure the strength of flow in major arteries and veins by means of animal experiments.

Cardiooncology, cardio-oncology or cardiovascular oncology is an interdisciplinary field of medicine which study the molecular and clinical alterations in cardiovascular system during the different methods of treatment of cancer, especially chemotherapy and targeted therapy.

type of abnormal heart sound

external device for those at risk of cardiac arrest

applied to the measurement of cardiac output

minimally invasive medical procedure

phenomenon by which a close-knit community experiences a reduced rate of heart disease