Catastrophism

British physicist and engineer (1824–1907)

French naturalist, zoologist and paleontologist (1769–1832)

narrative in which a great flood destroys a civilization, commonly as divine retribution

Swiss-American naturalist (1807–1873)

English clergyman, geologist and palaeontologist (1784-1856)

French scientist (1802–1857)

English surgeon, apothecary, geologist, paleontologist, and political activist

English geologist (1785–1873)

thumb|The discoveries of different layers of fossils, such as those containing Palaeotherium and [[Anoplotherium (pictured), by Georges Cuvier led him to believe that series of catastrophic events wiped out worlds before the modern one.]] In geology, catastrophism is the theory that the Earth has largely been shaped by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope. This contrasts with uniformitarianism (sometimes called gradualism), according to which slow incremental changes, such as erosion, brought about all the Earth's geological features. The proponents of uniformitari

Russian, Israeli and American author (1895–1979)

French geologist, volcanologist and mineralogist (1750-1801)

theologian, historian, mathematician, and translator (1667-1752)

geologist, paleontologist and engineer (1799–1883)

Austrian inventor and scientist (1860-1931)

British writer (1941–2010)

United States geologist and Congregationalist clergyman (1793-1864)

possibly hoax manuscript

British politician and historian (1842-1923)

American historian (1904-1982)

French archaeologist (1898–1982)

thumb|The 1925 "Journal of World Ice Theory" ' (WEL; "World Ice Theory" or "World Ice Doctrine"), also known as ' (Glacial Cosmogony), is a discredited cosmological concept proposed by Hanns Hörbiger, an Austrian engineer and inventor. According to his ideas, ice was the basic substance of all cosmic processes, and ice moons, ice planets, and the "global ether" (also made of ice) had determined the entire development of the universe. Hörbiger did not arrive at his ideas through research, but said that he had received it in a "vision" in 1894. He published a book about the theory in 1912 and he

British scientist

American geologist who discovered the Missoula Floods (1882-1981)

German paleontologist (1896-1971)

Russian naturalist (1759-1837)

English astrophysicist

Canadian creationist (1870–1963)

American political scientist (1919-2014)

professor, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zuerich, Switzerland

British astronomer and writer

book by Immanuel Velikovsky