Circassia

thumb|Princes of East Circassia thumb|Presidents of the Circassian Confederation Circassia ( ), also known as Zichia, was a country and a historical region in . It spanned the western coastal portions of the North Caucasus, along the northeastern shore of the Black Sea. Circassia was conquered by the Russian Empire during the Russo-Circassian War (1763–1864), after which approximately 80–97% of the Circassian people were either exiled or massacred in the Circassian genocide.

the Princedom of Kabardia, also known as Eastern Circassia (), was a historical country in the North Caucasus corresponding partly to modern-day Kabardino-Balkaria. It existed as a political community from the fifteenth century until it came under Russian control in the early nineteenth century after the Russo-Circassian War.

Ubykhia (Ubykh: ТIуахъы; ; ; ) was one of the historical regions of Circassia. It was inhabited by the Ubykh people, a Circassian tribe. It was a region located around Sochi. Ubykhia was ruled by the Berzeg and Dishan clans and elected elders, and was the last region to fall under Russian control during the Russo-Circassian War.

historical principality and province of Circassia