Circassia
Sign in to savethumb|Princes of East Circassia thumb|Presidents of the Circassian Confederation Circassia ( ), also known as Zichia, was a country and a historical region in . It spanned the western coastal portions of the North Caucasus, along the northeastern shore of the Black Sea. Circassia was conquered by the Russian Empire during the Russo-Circassian War (1763–1864), after which approximately 80–97% of the Circassian people were either exiled or massacred in the Circassian genocide.
AI overview
Circassia was a historical country and region located along the northeastern coast of the Black Sea in the North Caucasus that was home to the Circassian people. It was conquered by the Russian Empire during the Russo-Circassian War (1763–1864), resulting in the death or exile of the vast majority of its population in what is considered a genocide.
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Key facts
- Former country.leader_name1
- List:Stakhemfaqu (Stachemfak)DawiyBakhsan Dawiqo ---- Khazar rule Lawristan (Khazar vassal)Weche (Khazar vassal) ---- HapachRededyaAbdunkhanTukarTukbashVerzachtBerezokInal the GreatBelzebukPetrezokKansavukQalebatuqo HatuqwayIsmail BerzegHawduqo MansurMuhammad AminSefer Bey ZanuqoQerandiqo Berzeg
- Former country.leader_title2
- Prince of Eastern Circassia?–1450s–––––15541554–15711571–15781578–15891589–16091609–16161616–16241624–16541654–16721672–16951695–17101710–17211721–17321732–17371737–17461746–17491749–17621762–17731773–17851785–17881788–180918091810–1822
- Former country.leader_name2
- List:Inal the GreatTabuldaInarmasBeslanIdarKaytuk ITemrukShiapshukKambulatKaytuk IISholokhKudenetAlegukoAtajuq IMisostAtajuq II KurgoqoAtajuq III MisewestiqoIslambekTatarkhanQeytuqo AslanbechBatokoBamat MuhammadQasey AtajuqJankhotMisost II BematiqwaAtajuq IIIAtajuq IVJankhot II Qushuq
- Former country.capital_type
- Residence of leader (Capital)
- Former country.legislature
- Lepq ZefesParliament of Independence (1860-1864)
- Former country.population_estimate
- 1,625,000 (pre-Circassian genocide)86,655 (post-Circassian genocide)
- Former country.map2_width
- 300px
- Former country.map_caption2
- Revised administrative divisions of Circassia in 1860 according to a decree issued by the Circassian Parliament
Article
34 sectionsContents
- Etymology
- Geography
- Statehood and politics
- Institute of the Grand Prince of Circassia
- Confederation
- External relations
- Relations with the Ottoman Empire
- Army
- Known ancient and medieval rulers
- History
- Pseudoscientific origin
- Ancient Era
- Maikop Civilization
- Sindica
- Medieval Era
- King Inal the Great
- Modern Era
- Kanzhal
- Russo-Circassian War
- Circassian Genocide
- Population
- National religion
- Paganism
- Judaism
- Christianity
- Islam
- Circassian nationalism
- See also
- References
- Notes
- Citations
- Cited works
- General references
- External links
thumb|Princes of East Circassia thumb|Presidents of the Circassian Confederation Circassia ( ), also known as Zichia, was a country and a historical region in . It spanned the western coastal portions of the North Caucasus, along the northeastern shore of the Black Sea. Circassia was conquered by the Russian Empire during the Russo-Circassian War (1763–1864), after which approximately 80–97% of the Circassian people were either exiled or massacred in the Circassian genocide.
In the medieval era, Circassia was nominally ruled by an elected Grand Prince, but individual principalities and tribes were autonomous. In the 18th–19th centuries, a central government began to form. The Circassians also dominated the northern end of the Kuban River, but were eventually pushed back to the south of the Kuban after suffering losses to military raids conducted by the Mongol Empire, the Golden Horde, and the Crimean Khanate. Their reduced borders then stretched from the Taman Peninsula to North Ossetia. The term Circassia is also used as the collective name of various Circassian states that were established within historical Circassian territory, such as Zichia.