Cognitive biases

subconscious tendency of people to prefer the numbers in the date of their birthday

measure of self-esteem

purported phenomenon that a person who experiences a successful outcome has a greater chance of success in further attempts

Declinism is the belief that a society or institution is tending towards decline. Particularly, it is the predisposition, caused by cognitive biases such as rosy retrospection, to view the past more favourably and the future more negatively.

form of cognitive bias in which a decision is based upon supporting a desired outcome rather than the preponderance of evidence

tendency to judge the strength of arguments based on the plausibility of their conclusion rather than how strongly they support that conclusion

branch of psychology that examines the proportion of subjective perception

phenomenon of perceiving a relationship between variables even when no such relationship exists

thumb|1966 AMC Ambassador DPL advertisement Motonormativity (also motornormativity, windshield bias, car blindness, or, pejoratively, car brain) is an unconscious cognitive bias in which the social norms of private motor car ownership and use, and their societal effects and externalities, are assumed to be natural, universal, inevitable, neutral, and non-negotiable. It is a type of normativity based on the presupposed role of cars in society.

cognitive bias

psychological effect that people learn more by spreading studying out in time

frequent citation of previous publications that lack evidence misleads individuals, groups, and the public into thinking or believing there is evidence

cognitive bias that causes one’s perception of another to be unduly influenced by a single negative trait or impression

psychological heuristic

a cognitive process by which one's own emotional reaction is used to prove something is true

tendency to prefer the complete elimination of a risk in a niche when alternative options produce a greater reduction in overall risk

type of cognitive bias

type of deception

temporal displacement of an event whereby people perceive recent events as being more remote than they are and distant events as being more recent than they are

tendency to rely too heavily on one's own perspective, with a higher opinion of oneself than reality

effect that occurs when an expected external incentive such as money or prizes decreases a person's intrinsic motivation to perform a task

2007 book by Carol Tavris

selling of assets that have increased in value, while keeping assets that have dropped in value

bias or perceived bias involving the slanting and altering of information to make a political position or political candidates seem more attractive

cognitive bias

cognitive bias relating to mis-estimating success based on perceived difficulty

hypothesis that people tend to gravitate towards areas of work that fit their name

tendency for people to overestimate the effect an event will have

propensity for humans to favor suggestions from automated decision-making systems and to ignore contradictory information made without automation

thumb|upright=1.3|A 17th century painting depicting the Denial of Peter, found in the four [[Gospels in the New Testament. In it, Peter denies having associated with Jesus, who is being sought by authorities.]] Denial, in colloquial English usage, has at least three meanings:

human tendency to believe that we see the world around us objectively, and that people who disagree with us must be uninformed, irrational, or biased

cognitive bias of wrongly viewing yourself as unique

form of cognitive bias relating to currency

tendency to interpret others' behaviors as having hostile intent, even when the behavior is ambiguous or benign

psychological model

redirect Data dredging

Economic model

misuse of games to model real-life, a concept proposed by Nassim Nicholas Taleb in his book The Black Swan

psychological phenomenon

psychological term

reduction of the negative effects of cognitive biases

metaphore

form of stipulative definition which purports to describe the true or commonly accepted meaning of a term

form of cognitive bias

psychological illusion that one will not undergo significant developmental changes in the future

cognitive bias

misinterpretation of stress as a suspitious attitude

psychological effect

memory implantation technique

confidently predicting inaccurate outcomes based on the representativeness of available data

stereotype

psychological term

cognitive bias

Debiasing is the reduction of bias, particularly with respect to judgment and decision making. Biased judgment and decision making is that which systematically deviates from the prescriptions of objective standards such as facts, logic, and rational behavior or prescriptive norms. Biased judgment and decision making exists in consequential domains such as medicine, law, policy, and business, as well as in everyday life. Investors, for example, tend to exhibit the disposition effect by holding onto falling stocks too long and selling rising stocks too quickly. Employers exhibit considerable dis