Computer memory

form of computer data storage

The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits. Historically, the byte was the number of bits used to encode a single character of text in a computer and for this reason it is the smallest addressable unit of memory in many computer architectures. To disambiguate arbitrarily sized bytes from the common 8-bit definition, network protocol documents such as the Internet Protocol () refer to an 8-bit byte as an octet.

non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices; class of storage medium used in computers and other electronic devices

electronic non-volatile computer storage device

circuit that has two stable states and can be used to store state information

physical device used to store information for immediate use in a digital electronic device

thumb|A cross section of legacy EPROM structure.Upper insulator: Lower insulator: tunnel oxide thumbnail|[[STMicroelectronics|STMicro M24C02 I²C serial type EEPROM]] thumbnail|[[Atmel AT93C46A die]] [[File:Atmel-avr-atusb162-HD.jpg|thumbnail| AT90USB162 MCU integrates 512 Byte EEPROM]]

form of digital memory that can be written once by blowing fuses/antifuses to set bits

semiconductor memory that uses flip-flops to store each bit

thumb|An EPROM: the Texas Instruments TMS27C040, a CMOS chip with 4 megabits of storage and 8-bit output (shown here in a 600-mil ceramic dual-in-line package). The TMS27C040 operates at 5 volts, but must be programmed at 13 volts.

reference to a specific location in a computer's physical or virtual memory

feature of computer systems

region of a physical memory storage used to temporarily store data while it is being moved from one place to another

anomaly in computer security and programming that could be exploited as a security vulnerability

dynamically managed local memory that mirrors main memory in a microprocessor to reduce the cost of access

computer memory that can retain stored information even when not powered

thumb|upright=2|Diagram demonstrating big- versus little-endianness

cascade of flip-flops sharing the same clock, in which the output of each flip-flop is connected to the input of the next flip-flop in the chain, resulting in a circuit that shifts by one position the bit array stored in it

magnetic data storage device

random-access memory that retains its information when power is turned off (non-volatile),in contrast to dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) and static random-access memory (SRAM), which both maintain data only for as long as power is applied

thumb|Sun TGX Framebuffer thumb|320x320px|Sets 1, 2 and 3 represent the operation of single, double and triple frame-buffering, respectively, with Screen tearing#Vertical synchronization|vertical synchronization (vsync) enabled. In each graph, time flows from left to right. For details, see the page on [[multiple buffering.]] A framebuffer (frame buffer, or sometimes framestore) is a portion of random-access memory (RAM) containing a bitmap that drives a video display. It is a memory buffer containing data representing all the pixels in a complete video frame. Modern video cards contain frameb

computer memory that requires power to maintain the stored information; needs constant power in order to prevent data from being erased

computer memory design used in multiprocessing

type of non-volatile computer memory

ability to access an arbitrary element of a sequence in equal time

method of retrieving and processing information in the order stored

data structure

memory cache that is used to reduce the time taken to access a user memory location; part of the chip’s memory-management unit

high-performance RAM interface for 3D-stacked DRAM from AMD and Hynix

integer indicating the distance (displacement) between the beginning of an array or data structure and a given element or point

special type of computer memory used in certain very-high-speed searching applications

computer memory which detects and corrects errors

data storage device

type of non-volatile random-access memory

data structure that maps virtual addresses with physical addresses

sequential-access refreshable memory, in which amplifier and a pulse shaper are connected between the output of the delay line and the input, creating a loop that maintains the signal

database management system that primarily relies on main memory for computer data storage

principle describing a tendency to repetitively accessing similar memory location sets momentaneously

a technique to increase the amount of usable memory

MemTest86 and Memtest86+ are memory test software programs designed to test and stress test an x86 architecture computer's random-access memory (RAM) for errors, by writing test patterns to most memory addresses, reading back the data, and comparing for errors. Each tries to verify that the RAM will accept and correctly retain arbitrary patterns of data written to it, that there are no errors where different bits of memory interact, and that there are no conflicts between memory addresses.

non-volatile memory type

experimental memory device

trademark

digital circuit that manages the flow of data going to and from the computer's main memory

non-volatile memory technology

data dump from a ROM chip

technology introduced by Intel

SxS (S-by-S) is a flash memory standard compliant to the Sony and SanDisk-created ExpressCard standard. According to Sandisk and Sony, the cards have transfer rates of 800 Mbit/s and burst transfer rate of up to 2.5 Gbit/s over the ExpressCard's PCI Express interface. Sony uses these cards as the storage medium for their XDCAM EX line of professional video cameras.

elementary data-storing circuit within an electronically addressed computer memory/storage device

memory card format

representation of memory address

memory cell/element capable of storing more than a single bit of information

computer memory module containing a hardware buffer between the DRAM chips and the system's memory controller

shared memory architecture used in parallel computers, where all processors share the physical memory uniformly

hardware direct memory access over computer networks

memory technology

discrete printed circuit board on which memory chips are mounted

computer memory architecture that increases bandwidth by attaching multiple memory channels to the DRAM controller