Crimes against humanity

Apartheid ( , especially South African English:  , ; , ) was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. It was characterised by an authoritarian political culture based on baasskap ( 'boss-ship' or 'boss-hood'), which ensured that South Africa was dominated politically, socially, and economically by the nation's minority white population. Under this minoritarian system, white citizens held the highest status, followed by Indians, Coloureds and black Africans, in that order. The economic le

The Nuremberg trials were international criminal trials held by France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States against leaders of defeated Nazi Germany for plotting and carrying out invasions of several countries across Europe and committing atrocities against their citizens in the Second World War.

grave wrongful act as part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population

1998 international treaty establishing the International Criminal Court

The Epstein files are a partially released collection of millions of documents, images, videos, and emails detailing the activities of American financier and convicted child sex offender Jeffrey Epstein, including his social circle of public figures, politicians, and celebrities. The files include documents collected as evidence in the criminal cases against Epstein and his associates, stored as over 300 gigabytes of data, alongside other media, in the FBI's Sentinel case management system. They include Epstein's contact book, flight logs of his planes, and court documents. Many of the records and files belong to Epstein's estate, which is run by lawyer Darren Indyke and accountant Richard Kahn.

transfer and deportation of people in the Soviet Union

set of guidelines for determining what constitutes a war crime, created by the UN International Law Commission to codify the legal principles underlying the Nuremberg Trials

Since the beginning of the 2025–26 Iranian protests, the Iranian government has perpetrated widespread massacres of civilians, deploying both its own security forces and importing foreign militias to suppress public dissent nationwide. As of 25 January 2026, the total death toll estimates ranged from 6,488 people to upwards of ~36,500 people, including 209 government-affiliated military and non-military personnel, making these among the largest massacres in the modern history of Iran.

post–World War II war crimes trials

state-sponsored mass executions of political prisoners in Iran

atrocities perpetrated in the Congo Free State (today the Democratic Republic of the Congo) which, at the time, was a colony under the personal rule of King Leopold II of Belgium

trial of Adolf Eichmann

Japanese Scorched Earth Policy in WW2

massacre of Ethiopian civilians during the Italian occupation of Ethiopia

Wikimedia list article

phrase describing punishment that is considered unacceptable due to the suffering, pain, or humiliation it inflicts on the person subjected to it

secret research facility

2013–2018 Syrian siege east of Damascus

Israeli airstrikes on civil targets in Gaza Strip (2023–present)

1968 United Nations treaty

Report about human rights in North Korea comissioned by the United Nations Human Rights Council in 2013

War crime and murder trial