Dutch words and phrases

Boers ( ; ; ) are the descendants of the proto Afrikaans-speaking Free Burghers of the eastern Cape frontier in Southern Africa during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. From 1652 to 1795, the Dutch East India Company controlled the Dutch Cape Colony, which the United Kingdom incorporated into the British Empire in 1806. The name of the group is derived from Trekbœr then later "boer", which means "farmer" in Dutch and Afrikaans.

thumb|William the Silent was a stadtholder during the [[Dutch Revolt against the Spanish Empire.]] In the Low Countries, a stadtholder ( , ) was a steward, first appointed as a medieval official and ultimately functioning as a provincial and later national leader. The stadtholder was the replacement of the duke or count of a province during the Burgundian and Habsburg period (1384 – 1581/1795).

companion of Saint Nicholas in the folklore of the Netherlands and Belgium

Sinterklaas () or Sint-Nicolaas () is a legendary figure based on Saint Nicholas, patron saint of children. Other Dutch names for the figure include De Sint ("The Saint"), De Goede Sint ("The Good Saint") and De Goedheiligman (derived from goed hylickman meaning "good marriage man", alluding to his historical reputation as a Saint who can help you find a good life partner). Many descendants and cognates of "Sinterklaas" or "Saint Nicholas" in other languages are also used in the Low Countries, nearby regions, and former Dutch colonies.

thumb|Battle of Haarlemmermeer|Battle between Dutch and Spanish ships on the Haarlemmermeer, 26 May 1573. Sailing before the wind from the right are the Spanish ships, identified by the flags with a red cross. Approaching from the left are the ships of the Sea Beggars. [[Hendrick Cornelisz Vroom.]] thumb|Relief of Leiden by the 'Sea Beggars' on flat-bottomed boats, on 3 October 1574, during the Siege of Leiden. [[Otto van Veen, 1574.]]

The Elfstedentocht (; West Frisian: Alvestêdetocht , English: Eleven cities tour) is a long-distance tour skating event on natural ice, almost long, which is held both as a speed skating competition (with 300 contestants) and a leisure tour (with 16,000 skaters). The Elfstedentocht is the biggest ice-skating tour in the world.

250px|thumb|''The Burgomaster's Family, possibly painted by Gerard Donck thumb|250px|Manneken Pis'' dressed as a burgomaster from the [[Seven Noble Houses of Brussels.]]

Vla () is a Dutch dairy product made from fresh milk.

thumb|Print of the destruction in the Cathedral of Our Lady (Antwerp)|Church of Our Lady in Antwerp, the "signature event" of the Beeldenstorm, 20 August 1566, by [[Frans Hogenberg]]

A morgen (Mg) is a historical, but still occasionally used, German unit of area used in agriculture. Officially, it is no longer in use, having been supplanted by the hectare. While today it is approximately equivalent to the Prussian morgen, measuring 25 ares or 2,500 square meters (), its area once ranged from , but usually between . In the 20th century, the quarter hectare became standard for one morgen. The Morgen unit of land measurement was also used in the Netherlands, Poland, Lithuania, and parts of the Dutch colonial empire, such as South Africa. It was also used in the Balkans, Norwa

thumb|260px|An illustration of a kraal near Bulawayo in the 19th century. thumb|260px|Building an African Kraal (July 1853, X, p.78) thumb|260px|Zulu people|Zulu kraal near [[Umlazi, Natal]] Kraal (also spelled craal or kraul) is an Afrikaans and Dutch word, also used in South African English, for an enclosure for cattle or other livestock, located within a Southern African settlement or village surrounded by a fence of thorn-bush branches, a palisade, mud wall, or other fencing, roughly circular in form. It is similar to a boma in eastern or central Africa.

thumb|Emblem for national monument introduced in 2014 A '''''' (, ) is a national heritage site of the Netherlands, listed by the agency Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed (RCE) acting for the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science.

thumb|The Smoker, Joos van Craesbeeck

thumb|Hutspot with karbonade (pork chop) thumb|Flanders|Flemish [[hutsepot]]

Indonesian layered cake originating from Java island

thumb|right|A sluice gate

'''''' (; ) is a traditional Dutch dish made from a combination of potatoes mashed with one or several vegetables and typically garnished with sausages.

thumb|Rijsttafel in the 1880s thumb|Rijsttafel in Bandung in 1936 ( , literally "rice table") is an elaborate Indonesian meal adapted by the Dutch from the hidang presentation of nasi padang from the Padang region of West Sumatra. It consists of many (forty is not an unusual number) side dishes in small portions, accompanied by rice prepared in several different ways. Popular side dishes include egg rolls, sambals, satay, fish, fruit, vegetables, pickles, and nuts. In most areas where it is served, such as the Netherlands and other areas of strong Dutch influence (such as parts of the West In

The stuiver was a coin used in the Netherlands, worth of a guilder (16 penning or 8 duit, later 5 cents). It was also minted on the Lower Rhine region and the Dutch colonies. The word can still refer to the 5 euro cent coin, which has almost exactly the same diameter and colour despite being over twice the value of the older coin.

200px|thumb|right|Copper duit coin from 1735, with the Dutch East India Company|VOC [[monogram on the obverse and the crowned coat of arms of the Province of Holland on the reverse.]]

Dutch football rivalry

thumb|alt=Ietsism symbol|Ietsism symbol

300px|thumb|right|The arrest of Wilhelmina of Prussia, Princess of Orange|Wilhelmina of Prussia by the Patriots

Rookworst (; smoked sausage) or Gelderse rookworst is a type of Dutch sausage in which ground meat is mixed with spices and salt and stuffed into a casing. Having the shape of a ring bologna, it is common in the Netherlands and is also exported to Great Britain. The basis for Gelderse rookworst is metworst, or lean pork. Traditionally, rookworst is made with pork, stuffed in a small pig intestine and smoked over smouldering chips of oak and beechwood. This traditional rookworst is usually sold in butcher shops.

'''''' () is a naval rank of Dutch origin.

thumb|right|Westmalle Tripel

'''''' (, Dutch for 'royal') is an honorary title given to certain companies and non-profit organisations in the Netherlands and to a lesser extent Belgium, by the monarchs of each country. It was first introduced by Louis Bonaparte in 1807, then King of Holland, who awarded the title to cultural associations. Companies awarded with the title may opt to use the English equivalent royal instead. It is comparable with the Royal Warrant in the United Kingdom.

'''''' () are hard cookie-like confectioneries made of speculaas, roughly the size of a coin and shaped as a flattened hemisphere, traditionally associated with Sinterklaas and commonly eaten in Belgium and the Netherlands.

The term dubbel (also double) is a Belgian Trappist beer naming convention. The origin of the dubbel was a strong version of a brown beer brewed in Westmalle Abbey in 1856, which is known to have been on sale to the public by June 1861. In 1926, the recipe was changed by brewer Henrik Verlinden, and it was sold as Dubbel Bruin. Following World War Two, abbey beers became popular in Belgium and the name "dubbel" was used by several breweries for commercial purposes.

' (female equivalent: '; in the masculine only; jonkvrouw is used in the feminine, even in French; ) is an honorific in the Low Countries denoting the lowest rank of the nobility. Currently in the Netherlands, jonkheer in general concerns a prefix used by the untitled nobility. In Belgium, this is the lowest title within the nobility system, recognised by the Court of Cassation. It is the cognate and equivalent of the German noble honorific , which was historically used throughout the German-speaking part of Europe, and to some extent also within Scandinavia.

thumb|Allegory of the Disaster Year by Jan van Wijckersloot (1673) In 1672 the Dutch Republic faced simultaneous invasions from France, England, and the German bishoprics of Münster and Cologne in what became known as the ' (; "Disaster Year'"). The French Royal Army, under Louis XIV, advanced rapidly, capturing large areas of the eastern provinces. English and French warships worked together to challenge Dutch control at sea. Meanwhile, troops from Münster and Cologne pressed into the republic from the east. Many Dutch provinces, including Utrecht and Overijssel, were occupied by foreign armi

tussenvoegsel; Dutch and Afrikaans preposition, class of family name prefix

11th-century Old Dutch text fragment

historical coin

A schepen (Dutch, ; . ') or échevin (French, , ) or Schöffe''' (German, ) is a municipal officer in Belgium and formerly the Netherlands, where it has been replaced by the (a municipal executive).

Graaf (the Dutch word for Count) or Graaff may refer to:

Gracht (; plural: grachten) is a Dutch word for a canal within a city. Often, Grachten encircle city centres in the Netherlands, Belgium, and Northern Germany. Outside the Netherlands, the word grachten mostly refers to the city canals of Amsterdam (for which it is well known) and also Utrecht, Leiden and The Hague. The Koninginnegracht in The Hague was conceived by King Willem I for the promotion of tourism in the early 19th century. Since 2009 the Willemsvaart once more offers tours over this gracht, to Scheveningen, known as "StrandRelax" or "BeachRelax", a unique stretch of sand between Th

Rijkswaterstaat, founded in 1798 as the Bureau voor den Waterstaat and formerly translated to Directorate General for Public Works and Water Management, is a Directorate-General of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management of the Netherlands. Its role is the practical execution of the public works and water management, including the construction and maintenance of waterways and roads, and flood protection and prevention. The agency was also involved in the construction of big railway projects such as the Betuweroute and the HSL-Zuid.

thumb|right|300px|The Amsterdam archery militia whose patron saint was St. Sebastian, in 1653, by Bartholomeus van der Helst

thumb|250px|Dutch people dressed in Orange (colour)|orange before the football match Netherlands–Australia thumb|250px|Women dressed in Orange (colour)|orange during Queen's Day in the [[Netherlands]] '''''' (; 'orangecraze') or '''''' (; 'orangefever') is a phenomenon in the Netherlands that occurs during major sporting events, especially international football championships, Formula One Grands Prix and during (Kingsday), an annual holiday celebrating the king's birthday. It manifests itself in the wearing of orange clothing such as T-shirts, caps and scarfs; lavish attention for sports and s

thumb|Begijnhof, Amsterdam|Begijnhof in Amsterdam thumb|The Hofje van Bakenes, a hofje in Haarlem dating from 1395. thumb|Gablestone of the Hofje van Bakenes in Haarlem thumb|Groot Sionshofje in Leiden (Netherlands), 1860 thumb|The Hofje van Gratie in Delft thumb|The Geesthof in Naaldwijk thumb|The Middengasthuis in Groningen thumb|Entrance gate to Hofje van Pauw in Delft

Stoemp is a Flemish dish, found in Belgium, Northern France and the Netherlands, of pureed or mashed potatoes and other root vegetables, and can also include cream, bacon, onion or shallot, herbs, and spices.

defunct Dutch secondary school type

thumb|Two tins of hopjes

Landdrost () was the title of various officials with local jurisdiction in the Netherlands and a number of former territories in the Dutch Empire. The term is a Dutch compound, with land meaning "region" and drost, from Middle Dutch drossāte (droes-state, bloke-castle, state-holder) which originally referred to a lord’s chief retainer (who later became the medieval seneschal or steward), equivalent to: an English reeve or steward; a Low German Drost(e) of Northern Germany (cognate with German Truchsess); or German Meier (from Latin majordomus).

Slavink is a Dutch meat dish consisting usually of ground meat called "half and half" (half beef, half pork) wrapped in bacon (the Dutch equivalent of bacon is not smoked), and cooked in butter or vegetable oil for about 15 minutes. A variation of the dish called blinde vink is made by wrapping ground veal in a thin veal cutlet. Slavinken and blinde vinken are usually prepared and bought at the butchery or the supermarket; a standard slavink, before cooking, weighs around 100 grams. The bacon is "glued" to the filling with transglutaminase, an enzyme that bonds proteins (and is usually ex

Boerenjongens ( ) is a Dutch dish of raisins soaked in brandy. The name means "farmer boys" in Dutch. This recipe is traditionally consumed at holidays or birthdays, and is often a topping option at pancake restaurants. In the city of Groningen and other cities in the countryside like Enschede there is often boerenjongens-flavoured ice cream for sale.

Dutch method of consensus decision-making

thumbnail|Nozems on a moped. thumb|A Nozem couple, 26 December 1960 Nozem () was a term during the 1950s and 1960s to describe self-conscient, rebellious youth, often aggressive and considered problematic by authorities in the Netherlands. It was the earliest modern Dutch subculture, related to the Teddy Boy movement in the UK and the greasers in the United States. It was followed by the Provos.

thumb|Float in Bloemencorso Zundert thumb|Boat float in flower parade in Westland thumb|Float in flower parade in Winterswijk thumb|Float in flower parade in Sint-Gillis-bij-Dendermonde In the Netherlands and Belgium, a bloemencorso (; meaning "flower parade", "flower pageant" or "flower procession") is a parade where the floats (praalwagens), cars and (in some cases) boats are magnificently decorated or covered in flowers. This custom goes back as far as the Middle Ages. Each parade has its own character, charm and theme. Many towns and regions in the area hold parades every year.

thumb|right|Postcard from 1922 showing trekschuit arrival in Volendam. thumb|Map from 1681 showing the Haarlemmertrekvaart as connecting Haarlem to Amsterdam, and the Leidsevaart connecting Haarlem to Leiden. At Halfweg the two bodies of water "Haarlemmermeer" and "Het Ye" meet at [[Gemeenlandshuis Zwanenburg.]] thumb|right|Drawing of interior of a trekschuit on the Haarlemmertrekvaart in 1760. thumb|right|Drawing of trekschuit on Nieuweramstel 1700–1725. The jager is on the horse.

'''''' (plural: ) is a Dutch word (from , from and ), literally meaning "emerging from another soil". It is the opposite of the word (in English "autochthonous" or "autochthon"; from Greek , from and again ), literally meaning "emerging from this soil".

16th century Dutch revolutionary slogan

thumb|right|Gnome King Kyrië|Kyrie, the gnome king from the old folklore from the [[Campine, a region in the Dutch province of North Brabant.]] The '''''' () is a gnome-like creature in Dutch folklore. The Dutch is akin to the Irish leprechaun, Scandinavian or , the English hob, the Scottish brownie and the German or kobold.

thumb|Vroedschap of Utrecht, 1786.

Mokum (מקום) is the Yiddish word for "place" or "safe haven". It is derived from the Hebrew word makom (מקום, "place").

thumb|200px|right|The aqueduct over the A4 Highway thumb|200px|right|Just north of geniedijk, view east of ringvaart aqueduct over Zuid Tangent bus line

In the Netherlands, the Boekenweek (; English: Book Week) is an annual "week" of ten days dedicated to Dutch literature. It has been held in March annually since 1932. Each Boekenweek has a theme. The beginning of the Boekenweek is marked by the Boekenbal (book ball), a gathering that is attended by writers and publishers. Events are held across the country during the Boekenweek, such as book signing sessions, literary festivals and debates.

Dutch football rivalry

Krentjebrij is a Dutch name for a traditional soup or porridge-like dessert with juice of fruit that is eaten either warm or cold. It is mainly popular in Groningen and Drenthe. It is also known as watergruwel or krintsjebrij in Friesland. While there is no exact English translation for the word "krentjebrij", it could be called "raisin porridge", "berry soup", or "berry gruel", or a literal translation could be "currants cooked to mush". A commercially available product called Bessola is made in the Netherlands.