Elective monarchy

thumb|right|Timur's great 'kurultai', from a 16th century copy of Sharaf al-Din Ali Yazdi's Zafarnama A kurultai (, ), also called a quriltai, was a medieval political and military council consisting of members of a Mongol khan's family, imperial sons-in-law, captains of the army and others during and before the Mongol empire.

monarchy ruled by an elected monarch

thumb|Anglo-Saxon king with his witan. Biblical scene in the illustrated Old English Hexateuch (11th century), portraying pharaoh in court session, after passing judgment on his chief baker and chief cupbearer. The witan () was the king's council in the Anglo-Saxon government of England from before the 7th century until the 11th century. It comprised important noblemen, including ealdormen, thegns, and bishops. Meetings of the witan were sometimes called the witenagemot.

type of governing assembly

micronation in Italy

declaration of Scottish independence

Bayʿah (, "Pledge of allegiance"), in Islamic terminology, is an oath of allegiance to a leader. It is known to have been practiced by the Islamic prophet Muhammad. In Bedouin culture it was a procedure for choosing the leader of the tribe, and is sometimes taken under a written pact given on behalf of the subjects by leading members of the tribe with the understanding that as long as the leader abides by certain requirements towards his people, they are to maintain their allegiance to him. Bayʿah is still practiced in countries such as Saudi Arabia and Sudan. In Morocco, bayʿah is one of the

individual elections of kings in Poland

A jirga (, jərga) is an assembly of leaders that makes decisions by consensus according to Pashtunwali, the Pashtun social code. It is conducted in order to settle disputes among the Pashtuns, but also by members of other ethnic groups who are influenced by them in present-day Afghanistan and Pakistan.

election of a Holy Roman Emperor

thumb|300px|Route of the Eriksgata