English words

The dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated descendant of wolves. Also called the domestic dog, it was selectively bred during the Late Pleistocene by hunter-gatherers. Dogs and the modern gray wolf share a common ancestor. Dogs were the first species to be domesticated over 14,000 years ago, before the development of agriculture, though genetic studies suggest the domestication process may have begun over 25,000 years ago. Due to their long association with humans, dogs have gained the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids

leader of a country or part of a country, usually in republics

usually female practitioner of witchcraft

Queer is an umbrella term for sexual and gender minorities. It is alternately used to refer to people who reject sexual and gender norms and share radical politics characterized by solidarity across lines of identity. Queer is also a self-identity term for many people (similar to but distinct from gay, lesbian, and bisexual), characterized by rejection or disruption of binary categories of sexual orientation and gender.

thumb|261x261px|The Rainbow flag (LGBTQ)|rainbow flag, a common symbol representing gay people, or more recently, the overall [[LGBTQ community.]]

Chinese martial art

thumb|900px|Hallelujah written in Modern Hebrew Hallelujah (; , Modern ) is an interjection from the Hebrew language, used as an expression of gratitude to God. The term is used 24 times in the Tanakh (in the book of Psalms), twice in deuterocanonical books, and four times in the Christian Book of Revelation.

thumb|alt="A round push button with the letters O and K as labels.|An OK push-button|button on a [[remote control]]

thumb|Ancient Orient of the Roman Empire and its ecclesiastical order after the [[Council of Chalcedon, 451|300x300px]] The Orient is a term referring to the East in relation to Europe, traditionally comprising anything belonging to the Eastern world. It is the antonym of the term Occident, which refers to the Western world.

thumb|A scene of Rabbi|rabbis in debate in [[Carl Schleicher's painting A controversy from the Talmud, 19th century]] Controversy (, ) is a state of prolonged public dispute or debate, usually concerning a matter of conflicting opinion or point of view. The word was coined from the Latin controversia, as a composite of controversus – "turned in an opposite direction", and also means an exercise in rhetoric practiced in Rome. ==Legal== In the theory of law, a controversy differs from a legal case; while legal cases include all suits, criminal as well as civil, a controversy is a purely civil

In the English language, the term negro is a term historically used to refer to people of Black African heritage. The term negro means the color black in Spanish and Portuguese (from Latin niger), where English took it from. The term can be viewed as offensive, inoffensive, or completely neutral, largely depending on the region or country where it is used, as well as the time period and context in which it is applied. It has various equivalents in other languages of Europe.

Hosanna () is an Aramaic liturgical word in Judaism and Christianity. In Judaism it is a cry expressing an appeal for God’s help. In Christianity it is a cry of praise.

'''''''''' ( ) is a 45-letter word coined in 1935 by Everett M. Smith, the then-president of the National Puzzlers' League. It has sometimes been used as a synonym for the occupational disease known as silicosis; however, this term is incorrect, as most silicosis is not related to mining of volcanic dusts. Silicosis is a form of occupational lung disease caused by inhalation of crystalline silica dust, and is marked by inflammation and scarring in the form of nodular lesions in the upper lobes of the lungs. It is a type of pneumoconiosis. Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis is the lo

Nigger is a racial slur directed at Black people. References to nigger have been increasingly replaced by the euphemistic , notably in cases where nigger is mentioned but not directly used. In an instance of linguistic reappropriation, the term nigger is also used casually and fraternally among African Americans, most commonly in the form of nigga, whose spelling reflects the phonology of African-American English.

thumb|alt=A protester holding a cardboard sign that reads "FUCK YOUR WAR"|A protester's sign using the word. Fuck () is a profanity in the English language that often refers to the act of sexual intercourse, but is most commonly used as an intensifier or to convey disdain. While its origin is obscure, it is usually considered to be first attested to around 1475. In modern usage, the term fuck and its derivatives (such as fucker and fucking) are used as a noun, a verb, an adjective, an infix, an interjection, or an adverb. There are many common phrases that employ the word as well as compounds

The term Yankee and its contracted form Yank have several interrelated meanings, all referring to people from the United States. Their various meanings depend on the context, and may refer to New Englanders, the Northeastern United States, the Northern United States, or to people from the US in general. Many of the earlier immigrants to the northeast from Ireland, Italy, Poland, and other regions of Europe used Yankees to refer to English settlers in New England.

A lady is a woman who behaves in a polite way. Once used to describe only women of a high social class or status, the female counterpart of lord, now it may refer to any adult woman, as gentleman can be used for men.

Cockney is a dialect of the English language mainly spoken in London, particularly by Londoners from working-class and lower-middle-class families. The term Cockney is also used as a demonym for a person from the East End, or, traditionally, born within earshot of Bow Bells.

thumb|Australian singer-songwriter Troye Sivan has been described in media, and by himself, as a twink. thumb|The twink pride flag has two Mars symbols entwined, representing gay men.

thumb|A poem entitled "It won't be my fault if I die an Old Maid", containing the lines "Remember no thought to a girl is so dread / As the terrible one—She may die an Old Maid."

acronym of trans-exclusionary radical feminism

thumb|250px|The term may come from the look of a sunburned neck. Redneck is a derogatory term mainly applied to white Americans perceived to be crass and unsophisticated, closely associated with rural whites of the southern United States. Its meaning possibly stems from the sunburn found on farmers' necks dating back to the late 19th century. Authors Joseph Flora and Lucinda MacKethan describe the stereotype as follows: Redneck is a derogatory term currently applied to some lower-class and working-class southerners. The term, which came into common usage in the 1930s, is derived from the red

Shemale (also spelled she-male) is a term most commonly used in the pornography industry to describe trans women or other people with male genitalia and female secondary sex characteristics (including breasts) acquired via hormones or surgery. Many people in the transgender community consider the term offensive and degrading. Using the term shemale for a trans woman may imply that she is working in the sex trade.

Shit is an English-language profanity. As a noun, it refers to fecal matter, and as a verb it means to defecate; in the plural ("the shits"), it means diarrhea. Shite is a common variant in British and Irish English. As a slang term, shit has many meanings, including: nonsense, foolishness, something of little value or quality, trivial and usually boastful or inaccurate talk or a contemptible person. It could also be used to refer to any other noun in general or as an expression of annoyance, concern, surprise or anger.

In Modern English, the word "you" is the second-person pronoun. It is grammatically plural, and was historically used only for the dative case, but in most modern dialects is used for all cases and numbers.

Ghoti is a creative English respelling of the word fish, used to illustrate irregularities in English spelling and pronunciation.

alt=vizualisation of 1 Trillion|thumb|Visualization of 1 trillion (short scale) alt=A partially turned Rubik's cube|thumb|A Rubik's Cube, which has about 43 trillion (long scale) possible positions Trillion is a number with two distinct definitions: 1,000,000,000,000, i.e. one million million, or (ten to the twelfth power), as defined on the short scale. This is now the meaning in both American and British English. 1,000,000,000,000,000,000, i.e. (ten to the eighteenth power), as defined on the long scale. This is one million times larger than the short scale trillion. This is the historical m

alt=|thumb|379x379px|Gustave Doré, The Baptism of Infidels An infidel (literally "unfaithful") is a person who is accused of disbelief in the central tenets of one's own religion, such as members of another religion, or irreligious people.

A militant is a person engaged in warfare or combat. The word is often used as a euphemism for someone who is an entrenched or aggressive adherent to a particular cause, often an ideological faction. The term is most commonly used by mass media to maintain a neutral tone and not appear biased to one side, which has led to criticism.

verb in the English Language

thumb|The Rainbow flag (LGBTQ)|rainbow flag is the symbol of non-heterosexual people.

Nigga (), also known as "the N-word", is a colloquial term in African-American Vernacular English that is considered as vulgar in most contexts of its use. It began as a dialect form of the word nigger, an ethnic slur against black people. As a result of reappropriation, today the word is used mostly by African-Americans in a largely non-pejorative sense as a slang term referring to another person or to themselves, often in a neutral or friendly way. The word is commonly associated and prevalent with hip hop culture, especially that of gangsta rap, G-funk, and the broader West Coast hip hop. T

thumb|right|300px|Left to right: Vidkun Quisling seated next to [[Heinrich Himmler, Josef Terboven and Nikolaus von Falkenhorst in front of officers of the Waffen-SS, German Army and Air Force in 1941]]

Closeted and in the closet are metaphors for LGBTQ people who have not disclosed their sexual orientation or gender identity and aspects thereof, including sexual identity and sexual behavior. This metaphor is associated and sometimes combined with coming out, the act of revealing one's sexuality or gender to others, to create the phrase "coming out of the closet".

Slut (archaic: slattern) is an English-language term for a person, usually a woman, who is sexually promiscuous or considered to have loose sexual morals. Predominately used as an insult, sexual slur, or offensive term of disparagement, it originally meant "a dirty, slovenly woman". Rarely used in reference to men, clarification such as male slut or man whore may be warranted.

Faggot, often shortened to fag, is a slur in the English language used to refer to gay men. The slur is also sometimes indiscriminately used against other members of the LGBTQ community, and has also seen extended use in American youth culture beginning around the turn of the 21st century as a broader reaching insult more related to masculinity and group power structure. In a case of linguistic reclamation, many LGBTQ people have reclaimed it as a neutral or positive term for describing themselves, as well as reinforcing in-group solidarity.

definite article "the" and indefinite articles "a" and "an" (and sometimes the word "some")

socially awkward or tactless act

Sissy (derived from sister), often cissy, also sissy baby, sissy boy, sissy man, sissy pants, etc., is a pejorative term for a boy or man who does not demonstrate masculine traits, is effeminate and shows possible signs of fragility. Generally, sissy implies a lack of courage, strength, athleticism, coordination, testosterone, libido, and stoicism. A man might also be considered a sissy for being interested in stereotypically feminine hobbies or employment (e.g., being fond of fashion), displaying effeminate behavior, being unathletic or being homosexual.

thumb|A horse trailer with the words "War is bullshit everywhere" Bullshit (also bullshite or bullcrap) is a common English expletive which may be shortened to the euphemism bull or the initialism B.S. In British English, "bollocks" is a comparable expletive. It is mostly a slang term and a profanity which means "nonsense", especially as a rebuke in response to communication or actions viewed as deceptive, misleading, disingenuous, unfair or false. As with many expletives, the term can be used as an interjection, or as many other parts of speech, and can carry a wide variety of meanings. A per

thumb|1807 cartoon by James Gillray depicting [[George III saying "bring in the papists!"]] The words Popery (adjective Popish) and Papism (adjective Papist, also used to refer to an individual) are mainly historical pejorative words in the English language for Roman Catholicism, once frequently used by Protestants and Eastern Orthodox Christians to label their Catholic opponents, who differed from them in accepting the authority of the Pope over the Christian Church. The words were popularised during the English Reformation (1532–1559), when the Church of England broke away from the Catholic

thumb|Ancient Occident of the Roman Empire The Occident is a term for the West, traditionally comprising anything that belongs to the Western world. It is the antonym of the term Orient, referring to the Eastern world. In English, it has largely fallen into disuse. The term occidental is often used to describe objects from the Occident but can be considered an outdated term by some. The term originated with geographical divisions mirroring the cultural divide between the Greek East and the Latin West, and the political divide between the Western and Eastern Roman Empires.

reappropriated term used to refer to lesbians

thumb|Most modern English speakers encounter "thou" predominantly in the works of William Shakespeare|Shakespeare; in the works of other Renaissance, medieval and early modern writers; and in the [[King James Bible or Douay-Rheims Bible.]]

thumb|The greeting "Hello" became associated with telephones in the late 19th century. Postcard 1905–1915 Hello (often "hi" in modern English for frequent use) is a salutation or greeting in the English language. It is first attested in writing from 1826.

masculine lesbian or bisexual woman

thumb|right|"Huzzah" on a sign at a Fourth of July celebration Huzzah (sometimes written hazzah; originally spelled huzza and pronounced , now often pronounced as ; in most modern varieties of English hurrah or hooray) is, according to the Oxford English Dictionary (OED), "apparently a mere exclamation". The dictionary does not mention any specific derivation. Whatever its origins, it has seen occasional literary use since at least the time of Shakespeare, as the first use was in 1573, according to Merriam-Webster.

Rizz () is an internet slang word defined as style, charm, or attractiveness. It is likely short for charisma, and is often associated with brain rot.

thumb|Headlines announcing Surrender of Japan|Japan's surrender in [[World War II]] Jap is an English abbreviation of the word "Japanese". In the United States, Japanese Americans have come to find the term offensive because of the internment they suffered during World War II. Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, Jap was not considered primarily offensive. However, following the bombing of Pearl Harbor and the Japanese declaration of war on the US, the term began to be used derogatorily, as anti-Japanese sentiment increased. During the war, signs using the epithet, with messages such as "No Japs

pejorative slang word for a person, usually a woman; originally a term for female dog

slur for a Chinese person, especially a Chinese Australian or a Chinese American

noun in the English language

historic term for a member of the Pashtuns

The English word squaw is an ethnic and sexual slur, historically used for Indigenous North American women. Contemporary use of the term, especially by non-Natives, is considered derogatory, misogynist, and racist.

uninflected verbs in English

ethnic slur intended for Pakistani in the UK

The is a grammatical article in English, denoting nouns that are already or about to be mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. The is the most frequently used word in the English language; studies and analyses of texts have found it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words. It is derived from gendered articles in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single form used with nouns of any gender. The word can be used with both singular and plural no

thumb Frenemy is a portmanteau of the words friend and enemy that refers to "a person whom one is friendly with, despite a dislike or rivalry" or "a person who combines the characteristics of a friend and an enemy".

thumb|"ƿil cuman," () an Old English welcome phrase, which was used over a thousand years ago and evolved into the modern English "welcome". thumb|right|A welcome mat. thumb|right|State welcome sign at the Virginia border. A welcome is a kind of greeting designed to introduce a person to a new place or situation, and to make them feel at ease. The term can similarly be used to describe the feeling of being accepted on the part of the new person.

words of affirmation (yes) and negation or contradiction (no)