Epidemiology

an infection that is nearly or completely asymptomatic that may enable a pathogen to escape clinical attention or inclusion in health statistics

testing of newborn infants for medical conditions

statistical method in genetic epidemiology

poisoning of humans from pesticide exposure

Type of model which includes SIR model and derivatives

epidemiological term, referring to a member of a population who is at risk of becoming infected by a disease

course a disease takes in individual people from its pathological onset ("inception") until its resolution

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time required to double a quantity

Form of study design and analysis for medical studies

efforts to reduce health risks from mosquitoes

studies of risk-modifying factors on health or other outcomes based on populations defined either geographically or temporally

thumb|Example representation of the environmental factors characterizing the exposome The exposome is a concept used to describe environmental exposures that an individual encounters throughout life, and how these exposures impact biology and health. It encompasses both external and internal factors, including chemical, physical, biological, and social factors that may influence human health. In 2023, the Banbury Exposomic Consortium established a consensus definition of the exposome as, "Briefly, the exposome is posited as an integrated compilation of all physical, chemical, biological, and (

statistical bias

set of mechanisms to limit the ability of specific organisms to spread disease

difference between the risk of an outcome in the exposed group and the unexposed group

ratio of the hazard rates corresponding to the conditions described by two levels of an explanatory variable

Seroprevalence is the number of persons in a population who test positive for a specific disease based on serology (blood serum) specimens, often presented as a percent of the total specimens tested or as a proportion per 100,000 persons tested. As positively identifying the occurrence of disease is usually based upon the presence of antibodies for that disease (especially with viral infections such as herpes simplex, HIV, and SARS-CoV-2), this number is not significant if the specificity of the antibody is low.

worldwide incidence of suicide

medical specialty

statistical variable

virus that is newly evolved or rapidly increasing in incidence or range

globalization & disease transmission

situation where the majority of cases of a disease come from a population at low risk

estimate of the average years a person would have lived if they had not died prematurely

study of the extent of cancer spread

technique used to compare populations with different age profiles

epidemiological practice by which the spread of disease is monitored in order to establish patterns of progression

as effects from vaccines other than those on the targeted disease

Theory for analyzing people's lives

term in demography and medical geography of developing countries in particular, relating to an older population

statistical matching technique to estimate an intervention’s effect by accounting for the covariates that predict receiving the treatment, reducing the bias due to confounding variables

variations in the characteristics of an area of study over time among individuals who are defined by some shared temporal experience or common life experience

mathematical concept

science concerned with environmental exposure impacts on human health

event where a disease host disproportionally infects more secondary contacts than others infected with the same disease

Scientific reporting standard

density-dependent processes occur when population growth rates are regulated by the density of a population

The epidemiology of autism

transmission of an infectious agent between host organisms of two different species that may lead to a new outbreak

mass grave in which victims of the Black Death were buried

medical discipline, application of molecular biology to epidemiological questions

branch of epidemiology

Accident-proneness is the idea that some people have a greater predisposition than others to experience accidents, such as car crashes and industrial injuries. It may be used as a reason to deny any insurance on such individuals.

engaging in sexual activities with two or more people

situation when a reservoir population with a high pathogen prevalence comes into contact with a novel host population, and may cause an epidemic in the latter

field of research

relative decrease in the risk of an adverse event in the exposed group compared to an unexposed group

biomarker intended to substitute for a clinical endpoint

Multimorbidity, also known as multiple long-term conditions (MLTC), means living with two or more chronic illnesses. For example, a person could have diabetes, heart disease and depression at the same time. Multimorbidity can have a significant impact on people's health and wellbeing. It also poses a complex challenge to healthcare systems which are traditionally focused on individual diseases. Multiple long-term conditions can affect people of any age, but they are more common in older age, affecting more than half of people over 65 years old.

medical conditions more common in autistic people

Measure in epidemiology

phenomenon by which a close-knit community experiences a reduced rate of heart disease

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the integration of biological, behavioral, psychological, and social sciences relevant to health and illness

historical concept that many chronic diseases are caused by focal infections

conditions or attributes that help people deal more effectively with stressful events and mitigate or eliminate risk in families and communities