Fossil taxa described in 1981

Pakicetus (meaning 'whale from Pakistan') is an extinct genus of amphibious cetacean of the family Pakicetidae, which was endemic to South Asia during the Ypresian (early Eocene) period, about 50 million years ago. It was a wolf-like mammal, about long, and lived in and around water where it ate fish and other animals. The name Pakicetus comes from the fact that the first fossils of this extinct amphibious whale were discovered in Pakistan. The vast majority of paleontologists regard it as the most basal whale, representing a transitional stage between land mammals and whales. It belongs to th

Avimimus ( ), meaning "bird mimic" (Latin avis = bird + mimus = mimic), is a genus of oviraptorosaurian theropod dinosaur, named for its bird-like characteristics, that lived in the late Cretaceous in what is now Mongolia, during the Maastrichtian.

Scutellosaurus ( ) is a genus of basal thyreophoran dinosaur that lived approximately 196 million years ago during the early part of the Jurassic Period in what is now Arizona, USA. It is classified in Thyreophora, the armoured dinosaurs; its closest relatives may have been Emausaurus and Scelidosaurus, another armored dinosaur which was mainly a quadrupedal dinosaur, unlike bipedal Scutellosaurus. It is one of the earliest representatives of the armored dinosaurs and the basalmost form discovered to date. Scutellosaurus was a small, lightly-built, ground-dwelling herbivore, that could grow up

Muttaburrasaurus was a genus of herbivorous iguanodontian ornithopod dinosaur that lived in what is now north-eastern Australia sometime between 112 and 103 million years ago during the early Cretaceous period. It has been recovered in some analyses as a member of the iguanodontian clade Rhabdodontomorpha, or alternately as a member of Elasmaria. After Kunbarrasaurus, it is Australia's most completely known dinosaur from skeletal remains. It was named after Muttaburra, the site in Queensland, Australia, where it was found. The dinosaur was selected from twelve candidates to become the official

Eurotamandua ("european Tamandua") is an extinct genus of mammal from extinct family Eurotamanduidae that lived during the middle Eocene.

Garudimimus (meaning "Garuda mimic") is a genus of ornithomimosaur that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous. The genus is known from a single specimen found in 1981 by a Soviet-Mongolian paleontological expedition in the Bayanshiree Formation and formally described in the same year by Rinchen Barsbold; the only species is Garudimimus brevipes. Several interpretations about the anatomical traits of Garudimimus were made in posterior examinations of the specimen, but most of them were criticized during its comprehensive redescription in 2005. Extensive undescribed ornithomimosaur remains at

Barsboldia (meaning "of Barsbold", a well-known Mongolian paleontologist) is a genus of large hadrosaurid dinosaur from the Maastrichtian Nemegt Formation of Ömnogöv, Mongolia. It is known from a partial vertebral column, partial pelvis, and some ribs.

Elmisaurus (meaning "foot sole lizard") is an extinct genus of caenagnathid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Nemegt Formation of Mongolia.

Heyuannia ("from Heyuan") is a genus of oviraptorid dinosaur that lived in Asia during the Late Cretaceous epoch, in what is now China and Mongolia. It was the first oviraptorid found in China; most others were found in neighbouring Mongolia. Two species are known: H. huangi, named by Lü Junchang in 2002 from the Dalangshan Formation; and H. yanshini, originally named as a separate genus Ingenia from the Barun Goyot Formation by Rinchen Barsbold in 1981, and later renamed to Ajancingenia in 2013 due to the preoccupation of Ingenia. The latter name was eventually discarded due to various ethica

Megalancosaurus is a genus of extinct sauropsid from the Late Triassic Dolomia di Forni Formation and Zorzino Limestone of northern Italy, and one of the best known drepanosaurids. The type species is M. preonensis; a translation of the animal's scientific name would be "long armed reptile from the Preone Valley."

Acrophoca longirostris, also known as the swan-necked seal, is an extinct genus of Late Miocene pinniped. It was thought to have been the ancestor of the modern leopard seal; however, it is now thought to be a species of monk seal.

Kimmerosaurus ("lizard from Kimmeridge") is an extinct genus of plesiosaur from the family Cryptoclididae. It is known from remains found in England and Norway.

Fasolasuchus is an extinct genus of loricatan. Fossils have been found in the Los Colorados Formation of the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin in northwestern Argentina that date back to the Norian stage of the Late Triassic, making it one of the last rauisuchians (an informal grouping of large carnivourous archosaurs) to have existed before rauisuchians became extinct at the end of the Triassic.

Enantiornis is a genus of Enantiornithes. The type and only currently accepted species E. leali is from the Late Cretaceous Lecho Formation at El Brete, Argentina. It was described from specimen PVL-4035, a coracoid, proximal scapula and proximal humerus found close to each other and suspected to represent the left shoulder of a single individual.

Claudiosaurus (after the discoverer Claude Germain and saurus, 'lizard') is an extinct genus of diapsid reptiles from the Late Permian Sakamena Formation of the Morondava Basin, Madagascar. It has been suggested to be semi-aquatic.

Thadeosaurus is an extinct genus of diapsid reptiles from the late Permian Lower Sakamena Formation (Sakamena Group) of Madagascar. The genus contains a single species, Thadeosaurus colcanapi, known from several specimens preserved as natural molds.

Palaeopteryx (meaning "ancient wing") is an extinct genus of dubious paravian theropod dinosaur from the Morrison Formation of Colorado. The type species is P. thomsoni.

Rhynchonkos is an extinct genus of rhynchonkid microsaur. Originally known as Goniorhynchus, it was renamed in 1981 because the name had already been given to another genus; the family, likewise, was originally named Goniorhynchidae but renamed in 1988. The type and only known species is R. stovalli, found from the Early Permian Fairmont Shale in Cleveland County, Oklahoma. Rhynchonkos shares many similarities with Eocaecilia, an early caecilian from the Early Jurassic of Arizona. Similarities between Rhynchonkos and Eocaecilia have been taken as evidence that caecilians are descendants of mic

left|thumb|Closeup of the skull Ikechosaurus is an extinct genus of choristodere reptile which existed in China and Mongolia during the Early Cretaceous. It contains the species Ikechosaurus sunailinae and Ikechosaurus gaoi. It belongs to the crocodilian-like clade Neochoristodera and was initially assigned to the Champsosauridae by Sigogneau-Russell (1981). Compared to other neochoristoderes, Ikechosaurus has a rather simple dentition, lacking the speciations seen in latter species. It also has parasphenoid palatal teeth, a feature not seen in any other choristodere.

Caseodus is an extinct genus of eugeneodont from the Carboniferous of what is now the Midwestern United States, and potentially the Early Triassic of what is now British Columbia, Canada. The genus contains two Carboniferous species, C. basalis and C. eatoni, which are differentiated by the anatomy of their teeth but are otherwise identical. A third species, C. varidentis, is known from the Early Triassic Sulphur Mountain Formation, but due to its wildly different skull and tooth morphology it is questionable if it belongs in the genus. The genus name is in honor of paleoichthyologist Gerard C

species of insect (fossil)

Archimyrmex is an extinct genus of ant in the formicid subfamily Myrmeciinae, described by palaeoentomologist Theodore Cockerell in 1923. The genus contains four described species, Archimyrmex rostratus, Archimyrmex piatnitzkyi, Archimyrmex smekali and Archimyrmex wedmannae. Archimyrmex is known from a group of Middle Eocene fossils which were found in North America, South America, and Europe. The genus was initially placed in the subfamily Ponerinae, but it was later placed in Myrmeciinae; it is now believed to be the ancestor of the extant primitive genus Myrmecia from Australia. Despite thi

Comodactylus is a genus of "rhamphorhynchoid" pterosaur from the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian-age Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Wyoming, United States, named for a single wing metacarpal.

Ariekanerpeton is an extinct genus of seymouriamorph from the lower Permian. Fossils have been found from Tajikistan representing over 900 individuals of various stages of ontogenic development. However, it is thought that none of these specimens are of fully mature animals as poor bone ossification is present and the neural arches are paired and disarticulated from the pleurocentra.

Aidachar (named for Aydahar, a mythical Kazakh dragon) is an extinct genus of freshwater ichthyodectiform ray-finned fish from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian-Turonian) of Central Asia and North Africa.

Kyptoceras was a small extinct artiodactyl ungulate mammal of the family Protoceratidae, endemic to southeastern North America from the Miocene to Early Pliocene epoch 23.03—3.6 Ma, existing for approximately . The species name, amatorum, comes in honor of all amateur fossil collectors, including Frank Garcia (Ruskin, Florida) the amateur who found it and donated it to the Florida Museum of Natural History.

Orodontiformes is an extinct group of cartilaginous fish, known from the Late Devonian and Carboniferous periods. They are part of Euchondrocephali (Holocephali sensu lato), making their closest living relatives chimaeras. Most members are only known from teeth, which are low and rounded, and designed for crushing prey (durophagy). The group in its totality has been described as "undoubtedly artificial" (i.e. non-monophyletic). Several species of Orodus are known from specimens preserving the body as well as the teeth.

Xilousuchus is an extinct genus of poposauroid from lower Triassic (Olenekian stage) deposits of Fugu County of northeastern Shanxi Province, China. Xilousuchus is one of the oldest archosaurs known to date.

Piscophoca is an extinct genus of pinniped. The genus was named after the fossiliferous Pisco Formation in Peru, where the holotype was found. Other fossils of the genus were found in the Bahía Inglesa Formation of the Caldera Basin in Chile.

Keratobrachyops is an extinct genus of trematosaurian temnospondyl found in the Arcadia Formation of Queensland, Australia. It had been thought to be a basal chigutisaurid but is now thought to be a basal brachyopomorph closely related to the genus Bothriceps, and may even be a synonym of it.

Bashkirosaurus is an extinct genus of archegosauroidean temnospondyl within the family Archegosauridae. Locality: Belebei locality, Belebeiskii District, Bashkortostan (Bashkiry) Province, Western Cisuraly, European Russia.

Pahvantia is an extinct genus of hurdiid radiodont from the Cambrian period. It is known by a single species, Pahvantia hastata, described from Wheeler Shale and Marjum Formation in Utah. Although it was once considered as a filter feeder based on the large number of putative setae on the frontal appendage, these structures were later interpreted as fossil material of the "trunk" section.

Zeltornis ("Zelten bird") is an extinct genus of heron. It contains a single species, Zeltornis ginsburgi.

Eoastrapostylops is an extinct genus of astrapothere that lived during the Late Paleocene in what is now Argentina.

Casaleia is an extinct genus of ants in the formicid subfamily Amblyoponinae described by Pagliano & Scaramozzino in 1990 from fossils found in Europe. The genus contains four species dating from the Eocene to Miocene, Casaleia eocenica, Casaleia inversa, Casaleia longiventris, Casaleia orientalis.

Brembodus is an extinct marine pycnodontid fish, the type genus of the family Brembodontidae. It contains a single species, B. ridens, known from the Late Triassic Calcare di Zorzino formation of Cene, Italy.