Fossil taxa described in 2010

Pakasuchus is a genus of notosuchian crocodyliform distinguished by its unusual mammal-like appearance, including mammal-like teeth that would have given the animal the ability to chew. It also had long, slender legs and a doglike nose. Fossils have been found in the Galula Formation of Rukwa Rift Basin of southwestern Tanzania, and were described in 2010 in the journal Nature. Pakasuchus is originally considered to lived approximately 105 million years ago, in the mid-Cretaceous, but later age of site is reconsidered to the late Cretaceous, Cenomanian to Campanian instead. The type species is

Chuxiongosaurus (meaning "Chuxiong lizard") is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur which lived during the Early Jurassic Period. Fossils of this genus have been found in the Lower Lufeng Formation, Yunnan Province, southern China. Identified from the holotype CMY LT9401 a nearly complete skull (including a lower jaw) with some similarities to Thecodontosaurus, it was described as the "first basal sauropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of China," more basal than Anchisaurus. It was named by Lü Junchang, Yoshitsugu Kobayashi, Li Tianguang and Zhong Shimin in 2010, and the type species is

Sanajeh (meaning "ancient gape" in Sanskrit) is a genus of late Cretaceous madtsoiid snake from western India. A fossil described in 2010 from the Lameta Formation was found coiled around an egg and an adjacent skeleton of a 50 cm (19 in) long sauropod dinosaur hatchling. This suggests that the snake preyed on hatchling sauropods at nesting sites.

Liubangosaurus (meaning "Liubang lizard", after Liubang village, the holotype locality) is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived during the Early Cretaceous in what is now China. Liubangosaurus is known from the holotype NHMG 8152, five complete and articulated middle-caudal dorsal vertebrae that were collected from the Xinlong Formation in Fusui County, Guangxi Province. The type species is L. hei, which honors He Wenjian, who discovered the site where Liubangosaurus was discovered. ==Discovery and naming== Sauropod remains were first discovered at the Liubang Quarry in 2001, near the villa

Duriatitan is a genus of titanosauriform sauropod dinosaur that lived in the Late Jurassic in what is now England. The holotype specimen of Duriatitan, BMNH 44635, is a partial left upper arm bone which was found by R.I. Smith near Sandsfoot, Weymouth in the lower Kimmeridge Clay from Dorset. The type species, D. humerocristatus, was described in 1874 by John Hulke as a species of Cetiosaurus and was noted as being similar to that of Gigantosaurus. The specific name refers to the deltopectoral crest, crista, on the upper arm bone, humerus. The specimen was assigned to its own genus by Pau

Meyerasaurus is an extinct genus of rhomaleosaurid plesiosaur known from the Early Jurassic of Holzmaden, Baden-Württemberg in southwestern Germany.

Xixiposaurus (meaning "Xixipo lizard") is a genus of "prosauropod" dinosaur which existed in what is now Lower Lufeng Formation, China during the lower Jurassic period. It was first named by Sekiya Toru in 2010 and the type species is X. suni.

Texacephale is a possibly dubious genus of pachycephalosaurid dinosaur from the Campanian stage of the Late Cretaceous. Its fossils come from the Aguja Formation of Big Bend National Park, in Texas, and were described in 2010 by Longrich, Sankey and Tanke. The generic name means Texas + "head" (kephale in Greek) in reference to its place of discovery, and the specific name langstoni honors Wann Langston. It may be a synonym of Stegoceras.

Willinakaqe is a dubious genus of saurolophine hadrosaurid dinosaur described based on fossils from the late Cretaceous (late Campanian-early Maastrichtian stage) of the Río Negro Province of southern Argentina.

Bolong (meaning "Bo's dragon") is a genus of iguanodontian dinosaur known from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning Province, China. It lived about 125 million years ago in the earliest Aptian.

Trucidocynodon is an extinct genus of ecteniniid cynodonts from the Upper Triassic (Carnian) of Brazil. It is a monotypic genus that contains a single species, Trucidocynodon riograndensis. Fossils of Trucidocynodon were discovered in outcrops of the Upper Santa Maria Formation in Paleorrota Geopark, Agudo. Trucidocynodon is one of the most completely known Triassic cynodonts, as its holotype is a nearly complete and fully articulated skeleton.

Cascoplecia insolitis, rarely known as the unicorn fly, is an extinct dipteran that lived in the Cretaceous. The type specimen was found in Burmese amber. George Poinar Jr., who described the fossil, placed the genus into a new family Cascopleciidae. One of the defining characteristics of Cascoplecia is the presence of three ocelli raised on an extended, horn-like protuberance. The distinctiveness of the family was questioned by other authors, and the genus has been subsequently transferred to the family Bibionidae. thumb|left|reconstruction

Saadanius is a genus of fossil primates dating to the Oligocene that is closely related to the common ancestor of the Old World monkeys and apes, collectively known as catarrhines. It is represented by a single species, Saadanius hijazensis, which is known only from a single partial skull tentatively dated between 29 and 28 million years ago. It was discovered in 2009 in western Saudi Arabia near Mecca and was first described in 2010 after comparison with both living and fossil catarrhines.

Caryosyntrips ("nutcracker") is an extinct genus of stem-arthropod which known from Canada, United States and Spain during the middle Cambrian. It was first named by Allison C. Daley and Graham E. Budd in 2010, with the type species being Caryosyntrips serratus.

Aetodactylus (meaning "eagle finger") is a genus of targaryendraconian pterosaur. It is known from a lower jaw discovered in Upper Cretaceous rocks of northeastern Texas, United States.

Archaeoistiodactylus is an extinct genus of wukongopterid pterosaur from the Middle Jurassic of China.

Glishades (from the Latin "glis" meaning "mud", and the Greek "Hades", the mythological lord of the underworld; also meaning "unseen"; together meaning "concealed in mud", referring to being found in sedimentary strata while metaphorically referring to the world beneath the surface where fossils form) is a genus of hadrosauroid dinosaur that lived in the Late Cretaceous in North America. It is based on AMNH 27414, two partial premaxillae discovered in the Upper Cretaceous rocks of the upper Two Medicine Formation in Montana, dated to about 74.5 million years ago. Cladistic analysis conducted b

Fedexia is an extinct genus of carnivorous temnospondyl within the family Trematopidae. It lived 300 million years ago during the late Carboniferous period. It is estimated to have been long, and likely resembled a salamander. Fedexia is known from a single skull found in Moon Township, Pennsylvania. It is named after the shipping service FedEx, which owned the land where the holotype specimen was first found.

Zhenyuanopterus is a genus of boreopterid pterosaur which is known from Lower Cretaceous (early Aptian stage) Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China. It contains one species, Zhenyuanopterus longirostris, which was first described and named by Lü Junchang.

Barracudasauroides is a genus of mixosaurid ichthyosaur which lived during the Middle Triassic. Fossils of this genus have been found in Guizhou Province, China. It is known from GMPKU-P-1033, a partial skeleton recovered from the Upper Member of the Guanling Formation of Yangjuan village, Xinmin area; this rock unit dates to the Pelsonian substage of the Anisian stage. It was named by Michael W. Maisch in 2010, and the type species is Barracudasauroides panxianensis. thumb|left|Life restoration

Kayentavenator (meaning "Kayenta hunter") is a genus of small carnivorous tetanuran dinosaur that lived during the Early Jurassic Period. Fossils were recovered from the Kayenta Formation of northeastern Arizona, and were described in 2010.

Faxinalipterus is a genus of ornithodiran archosaur, originally described as a pterosaur, from the Late Triassic Caturrita Formation of southern Brazil. A study from 2022 reinterpreted the fossil remains and instead suggests them to belong to a member of the Lagerpetidae, another clade of pterosauromorphs.

Athabascasaurus is an extinct genus of platypterygiine ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur known from Alberta, Canada.

Bentonyx (meaning "Bentons's claw") is an extinct genus of rhynchosaur from the middle Triassic epoch of Devon in England. Its fossil, a well preserved skull, BRSUG 27200, was discovered in Otter Sandstone Formation (late Anisian age) and was first assigned to Rhynchosaurus spenceri, that is known from 25 specimens. This species was reassigned to its own genus, Fodonyx, that was first described by David W. E. Hone and Michael Benton in 2008. More recently, this skull was reassigned to this genus by Max C. Langer, Felipe C. Montefeltro, David E. Hone, Robin Whatley and Cesar L. Schultz in 2010

Shenqiornis is a genus of enantiornithean dinosaurs. It was found in the Qiaotou Member of the Huajiying Formation of Hebei Province, China, and is therefore of uncertain age. The Qiaotou Member may correlate with the more well-known Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation, and so probably is dated to the Aptian, around 122 million years ago.

Dawndraco is a controversial genus of pteranodontid pterosaur from the Late Cretaceous of North America. It is likely synonymous with the contemporary pteranodontid Geosternbergia. left|thumb|Variation in cranial anatomy of pteranodonts, Dawndraco in lower left (drawn to scale, unpreserved portions shown in gray) Dawndraco was named by Alexander W.A. Kellner in 2010. The type species is Dawndraco kanzai. The generic name combines the Dawn deity of the Iroquois with a Latin draco, "dragon". The specific name refers to the Kanza tribe of Kansas.

Bonnerichthys is a genus of fossil fishes within the family Pachycormidae that lived during the Coniacian to Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous. Fossil remains of this taxon were first described from the Smoky Hill Member of the Niobrara Chalk Formation of Kansas (Late Coniacian-Early Campanian), and additional material was later reported from the Pierre Shale, Mooreville Chalk, Demopolis Chalk, Wenonah Formation, and Moreno Formation, among other localities. It has also been reported in European Russia, specifically from the Rybushka Formation of the Saratov Region. It grew to at leas

Cerrejonisuchus is an extinct genus of dyrosaurid crocodylomorph. It is known from a complete skull and mandible from the Cerrejón Formation in northeastern Colombia, which is Paleocene in age. Specimens belonging to Cerrejonisuchus and to several other dyrosaurids have been found from the Cerrejón open-pit coal mine in La Guajira. The length of the rostrum is only 54-59% of the total length of the skull, making the snout of Cerrejonisuchus the shortest of all dyrosaurids.

thumb|left|Mandible of A. moruorotensis

genus of prehistoric whales

left|thumb|Holotype of G. leedsi, NHMUK PV R3540 thumb Gracilineustes is an extinct genus of marine crocodyliform that lived in the oceans during the Middle to Late Jurassic. Gracilineustes was a carnivore that spent much, if not all, its life out at sea. It was a small reptile, with G. leedsi measuring long and G. acutus measuring long. thumb|Skull and limb of G. leedsi ==Discovery and species== Fossil specimens referrable to Gracilineustes are known from Middle-Late Jurassic deposits of England and France.

Alexeyisaurus is an extinct genus of possible plesiosaur known from the upper Triassic (lower-middle Norian age) of Wilczek Formation, Wilczek Land, of Franz Josef Land, Russia. It was first named by A. G. Sennikov and M. S. Arkhangelsky in 2010 and the type species is Alexeyisaurus karnoushenkoi. While considered an elasmosaur in the initial publication, it has been described as a "partial, poorly preserved, and undiagnostic sauropterygian skeleton" in subsequent publications.

Zhongjianornis is a genus of beaked, pigeon-sized birds from the early Cretaceous period of China. It is known from one fossil found at Jianchang, Liaoning Province, in rocks of the Jiufotang Formation, representing the type species Zhongjianornis yangi.

Agathaeromys is an extinct genus of oryzomyine rodents from the Pleistocene of Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles. Two species are known, which differ in size and some details of tooth morphology. The larger A. donovani, the type species, is known from hundreds of teeth that are probably 900,000 to 540,000 years old, found in four localities. A. praeuniversitatis, the smaller species, is known from 35 teeth found in a single fossil site, which is probably 540,000 to 230,000 years old.

Fenghuangopterus is a genus of basal pterosaur that lived in northeastern China during the Middle Jurassic.

Cretevania is an extinct genus of Evaniidae, which lived in what is now China, Burma, England, Lebanon, Mongolia, Russia and Spain during the Cretaceous period. the genus was described by Rasnitsyn in 1975, and the type species is Cretevania minor.

Bauxitornis is an extinct genus of avisaurid enantiornithean birds which lived in what is now Hungary during the late Cretaceous period (Santonian age). Although first mentioned in a 2008 review of Hungarian Cretaceous bird fossils, it was named in a more comprehensive review by Gareth J. Dyke and Attila Ősi in 2010. The type species is Bauxitornis mindszentyae. The generic name "Bauxitornis" refers to the locality at which it was discovered, a Bauxite mine. The specific name "mindszentyae" honors Andrea Mindszenty, Ősi's advisor.

Patagosmilus ("Patagonian knife" in Greek) is an extinct genus of meat-eating metatherian mammal of the family Thylacosmilidae, that lived in the Middle Miocene in South America. Like other representatives of this family, such as Thylacosmilus atrox and Anachlysictis gracilis, it was characterized by its elongated fangs of the upper jaw, similar to the well known "sabertooth cats" (Machairodontinae), of which they were ecological equivalents. Despite being geologically younger than Anachlysictis, the morphology of Patagosmilus (including a bowed molar row and extremely long, "saber-like" upper

Arthropterygius is a widespread genus of ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaur which existed in Canada, Norway, Russia, and Argentina from the late Jurassic period and possibly to the earliest Cretaceous.

Beishanodon is an extinct genus of eucynodonts from Lower Triassic of China. The type and only species is Beishanodon youngi.

Eoneustes (meaning "dawn swimmer") is an extinct genus of metriorhynchoid crocodyliform from Middle Jurassic (late Bajocian to early Bathonian stage) deposits of France. Eoneustes was a carnivore that lived in the oceans and spent much, if not all, its life out at sea.

Gracilocyon ("gracile dog") is an extinct paraphyletic genus of placental mammals from clade Carnivoraformes, that lived in North America and Europe from the late Paleocene to the early Eocene.

Teyumbaita is an extinct genus of hyperodapedontine rhynchosaur from the Upper Triassic of southern Brazil. Its fossils were recovered from the early Norian-age Caturrita Formation, one of several fossiliferous formations exposed at Paleorrota Geopark in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Teyumbaita is likely the youngest valid genus of rhynchosaur, as other members of the group likely died out before the start of the Norian.

Acristatherium yanensis is an extinct basal eutherian from the Early Cretaceous (early Aptian, about ) Lujiatun Bed of the Yixian Formation. It was described on the basis of a single specimen (holotype) from Beipiao, Liaoning, China, by Yaoming Hu, Jin Meng, Chuankui Li, and Yuanqing Wang in 2010. The specimen comprises a partial skull, long. It appears to possess a vestige of a septomaxilla, a feature only otherwise seen in nonmammalian therapsids.

Chupacabrachelys is an extinct genus of bothremydid turtle which existed in western Texas, United States during the late Cretaceous period (Campanian age). Its fossils were discovered in Aguja Formation in the Big Bend region, and its type example is one of the most complete bothremydid specimens known. It was first named by Thomas M. Lehman and Steven L. Wick in 2010 and the type species is Chupacabrachelys complexus. Chupacabrachelys was named after the cryptid of the same name from Mexican folklore.

Qingmenodus is a genus of prehistoric lobe-finned fish. Fossils of Qingmenodus were found in China and date back to the Early Devonian period. Qingmenodus reveals the first well-ossified otoccipital braincase in onychodonts. Palaeontologists believe that Qingmenodus was one of the oldest onychodont fish.

Flexomornis (meaning "flexed shoulder bird") is a genus of enantiornithean birds known from fossils found in Texas rocks belonging to the Woodbine Formation (Lewisville Member) dating to the middle Cenomanian age of the late Cretaceous period. It contains a single species, Flexomornis howei, named for the amateur fossil hunter Kris Howe, who discovered the site where the fossils were found.

Longicrusavis (meaning "long shin bird" in Latin) is an extinct genus of basal ornithuromorph bird found only at Dawangzhangzi village in Liaoning Province, China. Longicrusavis was a ground dwelling carnivore, a wader, and part of biological family Hongshanornithidae, considered to have been a dominant species in the Jehol Biota, the prehistoric Chinese ecosystem which supported them. The name Hongshanornithidae refers to one of China's oldest recorded cultures in the region, the Hongshan culture.

Acinacodus is an extinct genus of amphidontid "eutriconodont" which existed in Shestakovo 1 locality in Western Siberia, Russia during the early Cretaceous period. It was described by A. V. Lopatin, E. N. Maschenko and A. O. Averianov in 2010, and the type species is Acinacodus tagaricus.

Meristodonoides is an extinct genus of hybodont known from the mid-late Cretaceous, with potential records dating back to the Jurassic. It is one of a number of hybodont genera composed of species formerly assigned to Hybodus.

Rhinconichthys is an extinct genus of bony fish which existed during the Cenomanian stage of the Late Cretaceous.

Prejanopterus is an extinct genus of pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Lower Cretaceous (lower Aptian age) layers of the Leza Formation of La Rioja, Spain.

Intiornis (meaning "Inti bird", the binominal naming means "Unexpected Sun bird") is an extinct genus of avisaurid enantiornithean birds which existed in what is now North-West Argentina during the late Cretaceous period (Campanian age).

Herpetogaster is an extinct cambroernid genus of animal from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang biota of China, Balang Formation of China, Pioche Formation of Nevada and Middle Cambrian Burgess Shale of Canada containing the species Herpetogaster collinsi and Herpetogaster haiyanensis.

Galadi is an extinct genus of predatory bandicoot from Oligo-Miocene deposits of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland, Australia. It was first named by K.J. Travouillon, Y. Gurovich, R.M.D. Beck and J. Muirhead in 2010 and the type species is Galadi speciosus; additional three species, G. adversus, G. amplus and G. grandis, were described in 2013. The genus is represented by three well-preserved skulls and several isolated maxillae and dentaries. Its body mass would have been close to two pounds, making it relatively large for its family. The combination of body size, robustness

Liaochelys is an extinct genus of sinemydid turtle which existed in western Liaoning, China during the early Cretaceous epoch. It was first named by Chang-Fu Zhou in 2010 and the type species is Liaochelys jianchangensis.

Juchilestes is an amphidontid mammal genus from the early Cretaceous (early Aptian stage, 123.2 ± 1.0 Ma). It lived in what is now the Beipiao of western Liaoning, eastern China. It is known from the holotype D2607, which consists of three-dimensionally preserved, partial skull with mandibles and some teeth. It was found in 2004 from the Lujiatun Site of the Yixian Formation (Jehol Biota). It was first named by Chun-Ling Gao, Gregory P. Wilson, Zhe-Xi Luo, A. Murat Maga, Qingjin Meng and Xuri Wang in 2010 and the type species is Juchilestes liaoningensis.

Dawsonicyon ("Dawson's dog") is an extinct genus of placental mammals from clade Carnivoraformes, that lived in North America from the early to middle Eocene. Fossils of type species Dawsonicyon isami are known from the ‘Bridger B’, site of Black's Fork member of the Bridger Formation in Wyoming, and includes an almost complete skeleton (holotype DMNH 19585).

species of bird (fossil)

Madygenerpeton is an extinct genus of chroniosuchid reptiliomorph from the Late Triassic Madygen Formation of Kyrgyzstan. It was first named by paleontologists Rainer R. Schoch, Sebastian Voigt and Michael Buchwitz in 2010 from a nearly complete skull and associated osteoderms. The type species is M. pustulatus.