Foundational quantum physics

atomic model introduced by Niels Bohr in 1913

conclusion that quantum objects behave at times like particles and at times like waves

history of scientific theory that views matter as made up of atoms of chemical elements

effect of splitting a spectral line into several components in the presence of a static magnetic field

scientific model of the atom first proposed by J. J. Thomson in 1904

relation between the wavelength of the black-body radiation curve peak and the temperature

physical law that describes the amount of spectral radiance at a certain wavelength radiated by a black body cavity in thermal equilibrium

scattering of a photon off of a charged particle

model of the atom devised by Ernest Rutherford

aspect of wave–particle duality

experiment in quantum mechanics that shows wave–particle duality

physical experiment that demonstrated the quantization of angular momentum

physical phenomenon in which the filling of an inner-shell vacancy of an atom is accompanied by the emission of an electron from the same atom

experiment conducted by R. A. Millikan and H. Fletcher to measure elementary electric charge

series of experiments (1908–1913) by Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden, directed by Ernest Rutherford, at the University of Manchester, proving the existence of the atomic nucleus through alpha particle scattering on gold foil

experiment confirming quantisation of energy levels

energy level splitting via a static electric field

principle of atomic physics

small shifts and splittings in the energy levels of atoms, molecules and ions

formula for spectral line wavelengths in alkali metals

classical physics prediction that black body radiation grows unbounded with frequency

physical law about blackbody radiation, derived from classical physics, accurate at low frequences but requiring quantum corrections at high frequencies

experiment

in quantum mechanics, the wavelength of a photon whose energy is the same as the rest energy of a particle

set of heuristic corrections to classical physics that served as a predecessor to modern quantum mechanics (1900–1925)

formulation of quantum mechanics in which in which the state vectors evolve in time, but the operators stay constant

the postulate that the energy of oscillators in a black body is quantized in multiples of the frequency multiplied by the Planck constant

energy carried by a single photon

energy-frequency relation in quantum mechanics

formulation of quantum mechanics in phase space

extension of the Bohr model to allow elliptical orbits of electrons around an atomic nucleus

reduction in the polarisation of light caused by a magnetic field, named after Wilhelm Hanle

physical interaction of charged particles

mapping between functions in the quantum phase space

Procedure in quantum mechanics