German literary movements

thumb|Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Czardas Dancers, oil on canvas, 1908/1920, [[Kunstmuseum Den Haag]] Expressionism is a modernist movement, initially in poetry and painting, originating in Northern Europe around the beginning of the 20th century. Its typical trait is to present the world solely from a subjective perspective, distorting it radically for emotional effect in order to evoke moods or ideas. Expressionist artists have sought to express the meaning of emotional experience rather than physical reality.

thumb|Austrian Biedermeier sofa, c. 1815–1825, mahogany, upholstery (not original), Montreal Museum of Fine Arts ([[Montreal, Canada)]]

German literary and cultural movement, whose practitioners established a new humanism

disestablishmentarian think tank consiting of young German artists from 1830-1850

Trümmerliteratur ("rubble literature"), also called Kahlschlagliteratur ("clear-cutting literature"), is a literary movement that began shortly after World War II in Germany and lasted until about 1950.

world view

German (, exile literature) is the name for works of German literature written in the German diaspora by refugee authors who fled from Nazi Germany, Nazi Austria, and the occupied territories between 1933 and 1945. These dissident writers, poets and artists, many of whom were of Jewish ancestry or held anti-Nazi beliefs, fled into exile in 1933 after the Nazi Party came to power in Germany and after Nazi Germany annexed Austria by the in 1938, abolished the freedom of press, and started to prosecute authors and ban works.

thumb|270px|Stefan George, portrait by Reinhold Lepsius The George-Kreis (; George Circle) was an influential German literary group centred on the charismatic author Stefan George. Formed in the late 19th century, when George published a new literary magazine called '''' ("Journal for the Arts"), the group featured many highly regarded writers and academics. In addition to sharing cultural interests, the circle reflected mystical and political themes within the sphere of the Conservative Revolutionary movement. The group disbanded when George died in December 1933.

small poets' society in Munich, 1856 to the 1870s