Glycol ethers

Quetiapine ( ), sold under the brand name Seroquel among others, is an atypical antipsychotic medication used in the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Despite being widely prescribed as a sleep aid due to its tranquillizing effects, the benefits of such use may not outweigh the risk of undesirable side effects. It is taken orally.

Hydroxyzine, sold under the brand names Atarax and Vistaril among others, is an antihistamine medication. It is used in the treatment of itchiness, anxiety, insomnia, and nausea (including that due to motion sickness). It is used either by mouth or injection into a muscle.

chemical compound

Phenoxyethanol is the organic compound with the formula C6H5OC2H4OH. It is a colorless oily liquid. It can be classified as a glycol ether and a phenol ether. It is a common preservative in vaccine formulations. It has a faint rose-like aroma.

Benzonatate (), sold under the brand name Tessalon among others, is a medication that is used for the symptomatic relief of cough. Benzonatate is taken by mouth. Effects generally begin within 20minutes and last between 3 and 8hours.

2-Methoxyethanol, or methyl cellosolve, is an organic compound with formula that is used mainly as a solvent. It is a clear, colorless liquid with an ether-like odor. It is in a class of solvents known as glycol ethers which are notable for their ability to dissolve a variety of different types of chemical compounds and for their miscibility with water and other solvents. It can be formed by the nucleophilic attack of methanol on protonated ethylene oxide followed by proton transfer:

Diglyme, or bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether, is an organic compound with the chemical formula . It is a colorless liquid with a slight ether-like odor. It is a solvent with a high boiling point. It is the dimethyl ether of diethylene glycol. The name diglyme is a portmanteau of diglycol methyl ether. It is miscible with water as well as organic solvents.

Dimethoxyethane, also known as glyme, monoglyme, dimethyl glycol, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dimethyl cellosolve, and DME, is a colorless, aprotic, and liquid ether that is used as a solvent, especially in batteries. Dimethoxyethane is miscible with water.

2-Ethoxyethanol, also known by the trademark Ethyl cellosolve, is a solvent used widely in commercial and industrial applications. It is a clear, colorless, nearly odorless liquid that is miscible with water, ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone, and ethyl acetate.

2-Butoxyethanol is an organic compound with the chemical formula (Bu = ). This colorless liquid has a sweet, ether-like odor, as it derives from the family of glycol ethers, and is a butyl ether of ethylene glycol. As a relatively nonvolatile, inexpensive solvent, it is used in many domestic and industrial products because of its properties as a surfactant. It is a known respiratory irritant and can be acutely toxic, but animal studies have not found it to be mutagenic, and no studies suggest it is a human carcinogen. A study of 13 classroom air contaminants conducted in Portugal reported a st

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chemical compound

mixture of isomers

Nonoxynol-9, sometimes abbreviated as N-9, is an organic compound that is used as a surfactant. It is a member of the nonoxynol family of nonionic surfactants. N-9 and related compounds are ingredients in various cleaning and cosmetic products. It is widely used in contraceptives for its spermicidal properties.

Butamirate (or brospamin, trade names Acodeen, Codesin, Pertix, Sinecod, Sinecoden, Sinecodix) is a cough suppressant. It has been marketed in Europe and Mexico, but not in the United States.

chemical compound

Etofenamate is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for the treatment of joint and muscular pain. It is available for topical application as a cream, a gel or as a spray.

2-(2-Ethoxyethoxy)ethanol, also known as diethylene glycol monoethyl ether and under various trade names such as Transcutol and others, is the organic compound with the formula . It is a colorless liquid. It is a popular solvent for commercial applications. It is produced by the ethoxylation of ethanol ().

class of chemical compounds used as solvents

Ospemifene (brand names Osphena and Senshio produced by Shionogi) is an oral medication indicated for the treatment of dyspareuniapain during sexual intercourseencountered by some women, more often in those who are post-menopausal. Ospemifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) acting similarly to an estrogen on the vaginal epithelium, building vaginal wall thickness which in turn reduces the pain associated with dyspareunia. Dyspareunia is most commonly caused by vulvovaginal atrophy.

Fura-2, an aminopolycarboxylic acid, is a ratiometric fluorescent dye which binds to free intracellular calcium. It was the first widely used dye for calcium imaging, and remains very popular. Fura-2 is excited at 340 nm and 380 nm of light, and the ratio of the emissions at those wavelengths is directly related to the amount of intracellular calcium. Regardless of the presence of calcium, Fura-2 emits at 510 nm of light. The use of the ratio automatically cancels out confounding variables, such as variable dye concentration and cell thickness, making Fura-2 one of the most appr

2-(2-Methoxyethoxy)ethanol, also known under trade names Methyl carbitol, is an industrial solvent and is also commonly used as a fuel system icing inhibitor (FSII) in jet fuels. It is a clear, colorless, hygroscopic liquid. Structurally it is an alcohol and an ether, with a formula CH3OCH2CH2OCH2CH2OH. At direct contact it causes drying of skin by leaching fats, and is mildly irritating to the eyes. It is flammable.

chemical compound

group of stereoisomers

BAPTA (1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid) is an aminopolycarboxylic acid with a high affinity for calcium. It is a white solid. It is used in research to chelate Ca2+, as it behaves similarly to EGTA and EDTA.

chemical compound

ALC-0159 is a PEG/lipid conjugate (i.e. PEGylated lipid), specifically, it is the N,N-dimyristylamide of 2-hydroxyacetic acid, O-pegylated to a PEG chain mass of about 2 kilodaltons (corresponding to about 45-46 ethylene oxide units per molecule of N,N-dimyristyl hydroxyacetamide). It is a non-ionic surfactant by its nature. It has been deployed in the Pfizer-BioNTech SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (0.05 mg per dose) that contains the active ingredient tozinameran.

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Eteplirsen (brand name Exondys 51) is a medication to treat, but not cure, some types of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by a specific mutation. Eteplirsen only targets specific mutations and can be used to treat about 14% of DMD cases. Eteplirsen is a form of antisense therapy.

Indo-1 is a popular dye that is used as a ratiometric calcium indicator similar to Fura-2. In contrast to Fura-2, Indo-1 has a dual emissions peak and a single excitation. The main emission peak in calcium-free solution is 475 nm while in the presence of calcium the emission is shifted to 400 nm. It is widely used in flow cytometry and laser scanning microscopy, due to its single excitation property. However, its use for confocal microscopy is limited due to its photo-instability caused by photobleaching. Indo-1 is also able to keep possession of its ratiometric emission, dissimilar

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