Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

German mathematician and philosopher (1646–1716)

system that represents numeric values using two symbols; 0 or 1

thumb|Gottfried Leibniz coined the term theodicy to justify God's existence in light of the apparent imperfections of the world.

information represented using the binary number system

principle that everything must have a reason or a cause

method used to show that an alternating series is convergent

alternating series which converges to π/4

In mathematics and computer science, the ; ) is a challenge posed by David Hilbert and Wilhelm Ackermann in 1928. It asks for an algorithm that considers an inputted statement and answers "yes" or "no" according to whether it is universally valid, i.e., valid in every structure. Such an algorithm was proven to be impossible by Alonzo Church and Alan Turing in 1936.

set of properties by which one entity is distinguished from another

impossibility for separate objects to have all their properties in common

differentiation under the integral sign formula

mathematical notation

physical quantity, historically invented by G. Leibniz, equivalent to (in modern terminology) twice the kinetic energy

generalization of the product rule in calculus

mathematical symbol used to denote integrals and antiderivatives

research prize awarded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

universal and formal language imagined by the German polymathic genius, mathematician, scientist and philosopher Gottfried Leibniz able to express mathematical, scientific, and metaphysical concepts

the doctrine or belief that in the system of things all that happens, the undesirable no less than the desirable, is for the best

argument between Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz over who had first invented calculus

philosophical system in which matter consists essentially of simple and indivisible units, substances, or forces; esp. one that reduces to matter to force

triangular arrangement L(r,c) of unit fractions, where (r,c) are row and column numbers, such that L(r, 1) = 1/r and L(r, c) = L(r − 1, c − 1) − L(r, c − 1)

mathematics formula

cylinder with a set of teeth of incremental lengths

digital mechanical calculator

hypothetical universal science modeled on mathematics

thumb|200px|Leibniz-Keks thumb|200px|Choco Leibniz The Leibniz-Keks or Choco Leibniz is a German brand of biscuit or cookie produced by the Bahlsen food company since 1891. It was created by the firm as a rival to a similar French biscuit, the Petit-Beurre.

Compossibility is a philosophical concept from Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. According to Leibniz, a complete individual thing (for example a person) is characterized by all its properties, and these determine its relations with other individuals. The existence of one individual may negate the possibility of the existence of another. A possible world is made up of individuals that are compossible—that is, individuals that can exist together.

theoretical universal logical calculation framework

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Hypothetical language created by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz

principle that whatever succeeds for the finite also succeeds for the infinite