Harun al-Rashid

5th Abbasid caliph (r. 786–809)

library, translation institute and research center in medieval Baghdad

Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Manṣūr (; 744 or 745 – 785), better known by his regnal name al-Mahdī (, "He who is guided by God"), was the third Abbasid Caliph who reigned from 775 to his death in 785. He succeeded his father, al-Mansur.

Medieval Arabian princess

Al-Khayzuran bint Atta () (died 789) was the wife of the Abbasid Caliph Al-Mahdi and mother of both Caliphs Al-Hadi and Harun al-Rashid. She maintained de facto influence from 775 to 789 during the reign of her husband and sons and is known for her immense influence on state affairs.

Abul-Abbas ( – 810) was an Asian elephant brought back to the Carolingian emperor Charlemagne by his diplomat Isaac the Jew. The gift was from the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid and symbolizes the beginning of Abbasid–Carolingian relations. The elephant's name and events from his life are recorded in the Carolingian Annales regni Francorum, and he is mentioned in Einhard's Vita Karoli Magni. However, no references to the gift or to interactions with Charlemagne have been found in Abbasid records.

782 Abbasid invasion of the Byzantine Empire

battle between the armies of the Abbasid Caliphate and the Byzantine Empire

series of military operations launched by the Abbasid Caliphate in 806 against the Byzantine Empire.

battle in the Arab–Byzantine Wars

Top of Judges of a region in Islam

Marājil (; d. 786) was an umm walad of caliph Harun al-Rashid and mother of caliph al-Ma'mun.

Carolingian reliquary encolpion

Abbasid-Carolingian alliance between 8th and 9th centuries

son of Abbasid caliph al-Mansur

abbasid princess and wife of Harun al-Rashid

abbasid princess and one of Harun al-Rashid's Wife