Historical footwear

thumb|A reproduction of a Roman caliga thumb|From below, showing hobnails Caligae (Latin; : ) are heavy-soled hobnailed military sandal-boots that were worn as standard issue by Roman legionary foot-soldiers and auxiliaries, including cavalry.

thumb|Buskins

archaeological artifact from Armenia; oldest known leather shoe

thumb|upright|A duckbill shoe|duckbill-style German sabaton for the right foot, thumb|upright|English-made Greenwich armour sabaton, 1587–1589

thumb|right|200px|Ernest Hébert's 1855 The Girls of Alvito in the [[Papal States, wearing carbatinae with footwraps]] thumb|A Casertan woman circa 1860 wearing carbatina and traditional Campanian clothing The carbatina (pl. carbatinae) was a kind of shoe common among the rural poor of ancient Greece and Rome from remote antiquity to around the 3rd century, consisting of a piece of rawhide pulled around the foot and then tied down to hold it in place. Having no upper or separate sole, the carbatina is among the simplest forms of footwear in the world and is sometimes used as a general name for

thumb|right|250px|A AD statue of the list of Roman emperors|emperor [[Tiberius recovered from a theater at Herculaneum. Depicted performing a religious ritual with his toga pulled over his head, the emperor is shown wearing the of the patrician class.]] thumb|right|250px|Calcei in a Ancient Roman painting|Roman fresco from [[Paestum, in southern Italy]] The calceus (: calcei) was the common upper-class male footwear of the Roman Republic and Empire. Normally made of leather and hobnailed, it was flat soled and typically reached the lower shin, entirely covering the foot and ankle. It was secur

thumb|Poulaines worn in Burgundy near the end of their most fashionable period

thumb|Reconstruction of a 16th-century Venetian chopine. On display at the Shoe Museum in Lausanne. thumb|Calcagnetti (Chopine)- Correr Museum

protective overshoe with a wooden or wood and metal sole, held in place by leather or cloth bands

red outdoor shoes worn by the Pope

Roman Catholic pontifical vestment

knee-high men's boot with a V-shaped notch and tassel at the top front

ancient Jewish headdress

red foot accoutrements worn by the Pope

300px|thumb|right|upright=1.7|A modern reproduction of a Middle Ages|medieval turnshoe; right, being sewn on a [[shoe last, inside out, and left, rightside-out, on another last]] thumb|upright=1|Cross-section through the heel of a reproduction turnshoe

Crepida (crepis or krepis; ), also known as Crepidula, was a type of footwear similar to a sandal, but distinct from a basic sandal. It served as a middle form between a fully enclosed boot and a simple sandal. Originally, it was worn by peasants and featured a thick, sturdy sole, often reinforced with nails. Some versions had metal plates made of lead or bronze, these were called Chian crepides (Χῖαι κρηπῖδες). A follower of Alexander the Great, Hagnon, is even said to have worn crepidae that had gold or silver nails.

thumb|upright|Tsarouchi shoe