Image defects

failure of a lens to focus all colors on the same point

departure of the performance of an optical system from the predictions of paraxial optics

optical aberration

aberration inherent to certain optical designs or due to imperfection in the lens

refractive error in optics

photography appearance

thumb|210px|right|A vignette is often added to an image to draw interest to the center and to frame the center portion of the photo. thumb|right|210px|Vignetting is a common feature of photographs produced by toy cameras such as this shot taken with a [[Holga.]] thumb|right|210px|This example shows both vignetting and restricted field of view (FOV). Here a "[[point-and-shoot camera" is used together with a microscope to create this image. Pronounced vignetting (fall off in brightness towards the edge) is visible as the optical system is not well adapted. A further circular restriction of the F

deviation from rectilinear projection (optics)

image artifact produced by scattered or flared light within a lens system

optical aberration

lens flaw which forms images that are blurred

colour imbalance of a photograph

adverse impacts in photography

quality of an image being out of focus

physical effect leading to local over exposure on some camera sensors, typically manifesting as vertical bars covering the entire height of the image

type of chromatic aberration in photography

tone reversal observed in cases of extreme overexposure

effect in photographic science