Indolizidines

Swainsonine is an indolizidine alkaloid. It is a potent inhibitor of Golgi alpha-mannosidase II, an immunomodulator, and a potential chemotherapy drug. As a toxin in locoweed (likely its primary toxin) it also is a significant cause of economic losses in livestock industries, particularly in North America. It was first isolated from Swainsona canescens.

Indolizidine is a heterocyclic chemical compound that forms the central core of the indolizidine alkaloids such as swainsonine and castanospermine.

Castanospermine is an indolizidine alkaloid first isolated from the seeds of Castanospermum australe. It is a potent inhibitor of some glucosidase enzymes and has antiviral activity in vitro and in mouse models.

Vindoline is a chemical precursor to vinblastine. Vindoline is formed through biosynthesis from Tabersonine.

chemical compound

Aspidophytine is an indole alkaloid that has attracted significant attention from synthetic chemists. An extract of the cockroach plant, aspidophytine is an insecticidal substance particularly effective against cockroaches. It is one of the two components of the dimer haplophytine.

chemical compound

Echitamidine is an indole alkaloid isolated from Alstonia boonei. Its laboratory synthesis has been reported.

Aspidospermidine is an alkaloid isolated from plants in the genus Aspidosperma. It has been a popular target for total synthesis, due in part to the fact that it provides a good showcase for synthetic strategies but also because the structure is similar to many other important bioactive molecules.

Vineridine (vineridin) is a vinca alkaloid.

Ergocryptine is an ergopeptine and one of the ergoline alkaloids. It is isolated from ergot or fermentation broth and it serves as starting material for the production of bromocriptine. Two isomers of ergocryptine exist, α-ergocryptine and β-ergocryptine. The beta differs from the alpha form only in the position of a single methyl group, which is a consequence of the biosynthesis in which the proteinogenic amino acid leucine is replaced by isoleucine. β-Ergocryptine was first identified in 1967 by Albert Hofmann. Ergot from different sources have different ratios of the two isomers.