International relations theory

thumb|A 1665 illustration of a Dutch East India Company factory in [[Hugli-Chuchura, depicting various elements of colonialism, including its hierarchies and impact on the colonized and their lands]]

Geopolitics () is the study of the effects of Earth's geography on politics and international relations. Geopolitics usually refers to countries and relations between them. According to multiple researchers, the term is currently being used to describe a broad spectrum of concepts, in a general sense used as "a synonym for international political relations", but more specifically "to imply the global structure of such relations"; this usage builds on an "early-twentieth-century term for a pseudoscience of political geography" and other pseudoscientific theories of historical and geographic det

thumb|Ancient Greece under the hegemony of Thebes, 371–362 BC

nation that has great political, military and economic influence

Superpower describes a sovereign state or supranational union that holds a dominant position characterized by the ability to exert influence and project power on a global scale. This is done through the combined means of economic, military, technological, political, and cultural strength as well as diplomatic and soft power influence. Traditionally, superpowers are preeminent among the great powers. While a great power state is capable of exerting its influence globally, superpowers are states so influential that no significant action can be taken by the global community without first consider

sovereign state which officially declares itself to be neutral towards the belligerents in a war

thumb|alt=Map of Kingdom of Italy (1919)|The term originated from the Italian phrase Italia irredenta ("unredeemed Italy"). The green, red and purple areas in this map of Italy from 1919 show some of the areas which were claimed by Italian irredentists.Irredentism is one state's desire to annex the territory of another state. This desire can be motivated by ethnic reasons because the population of the territory is ethnically similar to or the same as the population of the parent state. Historical reasons may also be responsible, i.e., that the territory previously formed part of the parent sta

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Isolationism is a political philosophy advocating a foreign policy that opposes involvement in the political affairs, and especially the wars, of other countries. Thus, isolationism fundamentally advocates neutrality and opposes entanglement in military alliances and mutual defense pacts. In its purest form, isolationism opposes all commitments to foreign countries, including treaties and trade agreements. In the political science lexicon, there is also the term of "non-interventionism", which is sometimes improperly used to replace the concept of "isolationism". "Non-interventionism" is commo

international relations theory

area where a state has a level of political, military, economic or cultural influence

cultural belief of 19th-century American expansionists

Eurasianism ( ) is a socio-political movement in Russia that emerged in the early 20th century under the Russian Empire, which states that Russia does not belong in the "European" or "Asian" categories but instead to the geopolitical concept of Eurasia and the "Russian world", forming an ostensibly standalone Russian civilization. The ideology is geopolitical, similar to Atlanticism and Gulfism.

mathematical representation of a situation in which each participant's gain or loss of utility is exactly balanced by the losses or gains of the utility of the other participants

Globalism has multiple meanings. In political science, it is used to describe "attempts to understand all of the interconnections of the modern world—and to highlight patterns that underlie (and explain) them". While primarily associated with world-systems, it can be used to describe other global trends. The concept of globalism is also classically used to focus on ideologies of globalisation (the subjective meanings) instead of its processes (the objective practices); in this sense, "globalism" is to globalisation what "nationalism" is to nationalisation.

idea that national security is enhanced when military capabilities are distributed so no state is strong enough to dominate

thumb|US government poster promoting the Marshall Plan (1950) Atlanticism, also known as Transatlanticism or North Atlanticism, is the ideology which advocates a close alliance between nations in Northern America (the United States and Canada) and in Europe on political, economic, and defense issues. The term derives from the North Atlantic Ocean, which is bordered by North America and Europe. It is a geopolitical ideology in the same regard as Eurasianism or Gulfism.

theory that the Socialist Bloc could peacefully coexist with the capitalist bloc

military strategy during the Cold War with regard to the use of nuclear weapons

Bilateralism is the conduct of political, economic, or cultural relations between two sovereign states . It is in contrast to unilateralism or multilateralism, which is activity by a single state or jointly by multiple states, respectively. When states recognize one another as sovereign states and agree to diplomatic relations, they create a bilateral relationship. States with bilateral ties will exchange diplomatic agents such as ambassadors to facilitate dialogues and cooperations.

multidisciplinary, macro-scale approach to world history and social change that stresses that the world-system should be the primary unit of social analysis

theory which posits that democracies are hesitant to engage in armed conflict with other identified democracies

state wielding power within a geographic region

In international relations, multilateralism refers to an alliance of multiple countries pursuing a common goal. Multilateralism is based on the principles of inclusivity, equality, and cooperation, and aims to foster a more peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable world. Middle powers play a crucial role in the international system by promoting multilateralism and internationalism.

study of international relations from a theoretical perspective

concept in international relations

actions by state actors likely to lead to escalation of tensions unwanted by all parties

international political doctrine

Non-interventionism or non-intervention is commonly understood as "a foreign policy of political or military non-involvement in foreign relations or in other countries' internal affairs". This is based on the grounds that a state should not interfere in the internal politics of another state as well as the principles of state sovereignty and self-determination. A similar phrase is "strategic independence".

type of state

military post

__NOTOC__ Unilateralism is any doctrine or agenda that supports one-sided action. Such action may be in disregard for other parties, or as an expression of a commitment toward a direction which other parties may find disagreeable. As a word, unilateralism is attested from 1926, specifically relating to unilateral disarmament. The current, broader meaning emerges in 1964. It stands in contrast with multilateralism, the pursuit of foreign policy goals alongside allies.

theory of international relations

interference in political affairs of another country

academic discipline

set of measures taken by states, people and international organizations to ensure mutual survival and safety

In international relations, intergovernmentalism treats states (and national governments in particular) as the primary actors in the integration process. Intergovernmentalist approaches claim to be able to explain both periods of radical change in the European Union because of converging governmental preferences and periods of inertia because of diverging national interests.

school of thought within international relations theory

thumb|300px|The handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis has been described as brinkmanship. Brinkmanship or brinksmanship is the practice of trying to achieve an advantageous outcome by pushing dangerous events to the brink of active conflict. The maneuver of pushing a situation with the opponent to the brink succeeds by forcing the opponent to back down and make concessions rather than risk engaging in a conflict that would no longer be beneficial to either side. This might be achieved through diplomatic maneuvers, or by creating the impression that one is willing to use extreme methods rather t

key principle of Swiss foreign policy

school of thought personified by Woodrow Wilson

description of power in international relations; any of the various ways in which power is distributed within the international system; describes the nature of the international system at any given period of time

structural theory of international relations

theory of international relations

sociological view of institutions

Developmentalism is an economic theory which states that the best way for less developed economies to develop is through fostering a strong and varied internal market and imposing high tariffs on imported goods.

Exceptionalism is the perception or belief that a species, country, society, institution, movement, individual, or time period is "exceptional" (i.e., unusual or extraordinary). The term carries the implication, whether or not specified, that the referent is superior in some way.

concept in international relations theory

thumb|Woodrow Wilson, after whom Wilsonianism is named

foreign policy doctrine promoting the spread of liberal values

theory of international relations

principle in international relations and treaties

cultural, historical and political divide

transformation of a subject into a matter of state security

theory of international relations

outpost maintained by a sovereign state on its border, usually one of a series placed at regular intervals, to watch over and safeguard its border with a neighboring state

statistical measure of national power

theory regarding international relations and war

reliable access to healthy natural environment

Tellurocracy (from and ) is a concept proposed by Aleksandr Dugin to describe a type of civilization or state system that is defined by the development of land territories and consistent penetration into inland territories. Tellurocratic states possess a set state-territory in which the state-forming ethnic majority lives, around this territory further land expansion occurs. Tellurocracy is conceived of as an antonym to thalassocracy.