Language

Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary. It is the primary means by which humans convey meaning, both in spoken and signed forms, and may also be conveyed through writing. Human language is characterized by its cultural and historical diversity, with significant variations observed between cultures and across time. Human languages possess the properties of productivity and displacement, which enable the creation of an infinite number of sentences, and the ability to refer to objects, events, and ideas that are not immediately present in the disc

Linguistics is the scientific study of language. The areas of linguistic analysis are syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences), semantics (meaning), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds and equivalent gestures in sign languages), phonology (the abstract sound system of a particular language, and analogous systems of sign languages), and pragmatics (how the context of use contributes to meaning). Subdisciplines such as biolinguistics (the study of the biological variables and evolution of language) and psycholinguistics (the study of psychological factors in huma

thumb|upright=1.3|The Rosetta Stone (196 BC) bears writing in three different scripts. [[Hieroglyphs (top) and Demotic (middle) record the same text in the Egyptian language, while an equivalent passage in Greek uses the Greek alphabet (bottom). These correspondences were key to the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphs in the early 19th century.]]

A dialect is a variety of language spoken by a particular group of people. This may include dominant and standardized varieties as well as vernacular, unwritten, or non-standardized varieties, such as those used in developing countries or isolated areas. The dialects of the same language are mainly distinguished from each other by differences in linguistic features such as phonology, morphology, syntax and vocabulary.

In linguistics, syntax ( ) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.

human language whose phonology, grammar, and vocabulary have been consciously devised for human or human-like communication

thumb|Speech production visualized by real-time MRI

An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language, including norms of spelling, punctuation, word boundaries, capitalization, hyphenation, and emphasis.

grammatical case

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language variety used by a population in their public discourse (for public purposes); standardized language that has at least one standard variety besides its other varieties; variety that has undergone standardization

language naturally spoken by humans, as opposed to "constructed" and "formal" languages

A vocabulary (also known as a lexicon) is a set of words, typically the set in a language or the set known to an individual. The word vocabulary originated from the Latin , meaning "a word, name". It forms an essential component of language and communication, helping convey thoughts, ideas, emotions, and information. Vocabulary can be oral, written, or signed and can be categorized into two main types: active vocabulary (words one uses regularly) and passive vocabulary (words one recognizes but does not use often). An individual's vocabulary continually evolves through various methods, includi

language spoken in addition to one's first language

graphic convention in comics for representing speech

language sharing a certain distinctive pattern relating to the subjects (technically, arguments) of verbs

base form of a word plus its inflected forms and derived forms made from affixes

machine learning model

Vulgarity is the quality of being common, coarse, or unrefined. This judgement may refer to language, visual art, social class, or social climbers. John Bayley said that the term can never be used self-referentially, because to be aware of vulgarity is to display a degree of sophistication which thereby elevates the subject above the vulgar.

Fluency (also called volubility and eloquency) refers to continuity, smoothness, rate, and effort in speech production. It is also used to characterize language production, language ability or language proficiency.

system of communication using visual elements

artificial or natural language used as an intermediary language for translation

efforts to save languages spoken by tiny minorities from extinction

grouping of languages into classes

philosophical problem of whether it is possible to talk about God meaningfully if the traditional conceptions of God as being incorporeal, infinite, and timeless, are accepted

systems used by mathematicians to communicate mathematical ideas among themselves

why, how and when people might've started talking

process by which people translate thoughts into verbal words

language status according with UNESCO

actual use of language in concrete situations

type of question

quality level of a text, discourse or corpora

study of the right use of words in language

study of the evolutionary history of language assuming it is a result of Darwinian adaptation

literacy that enables a person to seek, evaluate, use and create information effectively to achieve their personal, social, occupational and educational goals

development of languages throughout time

questions with fixed responses available

A multiethnolect is a language variety, typically formed in youth communities in working class, immigrant neighborhoods of urban areas, that contains influences from a variety of different languages. Unlike an ethnolect, which associates one language variety with one particular ethnic group, speakers of a multiethnolect often come from varied ethnic backgrounds, and their language usage can be more closely attributed to the neighborhood in which they live than their nationality or that of their parents. The term "multiethnolect" was first coined by Clyne (2000) and Quist (2000). Research of mu

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language which emerge either in computer simulations between artificial agents, robot interactions or controlled psychological experiments with humans