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language

Also known as ways to talk, speech, systems of communication, system of communication, linguistic system, linguistic systems, linguistic capability

Language is a structured system of communication that consists of grammar and vocabulary. It is the primary means by which humans convey meaning, both in spoken and signed forms, and may also be conveyed through writing. Human language is characterized by its cultural and historical diversity, with significant variations observed between cultures and across time. Human languages possess the properties of productivity and displacement, which enable the creation of an infinite number of sentences, and the ability to refer to objects, events, and ideas that are not immediately present in the disc

OverviewAI-generated

Language is an aptitude and a component of communication. It is partially coincident with speech and is said to be the same as speech. The subject is used by humans and includes parts such as language, programming language, and text. Its characteristics include language variety, usage, and grammar.

The topic is studied by linguistics, sociology of language, philosophy of language, and the humanities. Its geography is described as language geography. It is maintained by WikiProject Languages, WikiProject Linguistics, WikiProject Sociology, and WikiProject Anthropology. The subject has a main Wikimedia portal at Portal:Language and a main category of Category:Language. It is referenced by 4,595 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 24 facts across 3 sources: Wikidata, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Research

530,881 papers

Language models for biological research: a primer.ReviewNature methods · 2024Simon E, Swanson K, Zou JDOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02354-y
The language of reality.Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology · 2015Scarfe WCDOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2015.05.003
A next-generation dynamic programming language Julia: Its features and applications in biological science.ReviewJournal of advanced research · 2024Pal S, Bhattacharya M, Dash S et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.015
The ulam Programming Language for Artificial Life.ReviewArtificial life · 2016Ackley DH, Ackley ESDOI: 10.1162/ARTL_a_00212
„History is touchy“ Die History‐of‐Programming‐Languages‐Konferenz, 1978.Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte · 2024Mittlmeier ADOI: 10.1002/bewi.202300032
Synthetic biology open language visual (SBOL Visual) version 2.3.Journal of integrative bioinformatics · 2021Baig H, Fontanarossa P, Kulkarni V et al.DOI: 10.1515/jib-2020-0045
Performance of two large language models for data extraction in evidence synthesis.Research synthesis methods · 2024Konet A, Thomas I, Gartlehner G et al.DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1732
Synthetic biology open language visual (SBOL visual) version 3.0.Journal of integrative bioinformatics · 2021Baig H, Fontanarossa P, McLaughlin J et al.DOI: 10.1515/jib-2021-0013

via PubMed

~87 min read

Encyclopedic overview

40 sections

Contents

Definitions
Mental faculty, organ or instinct
Formal symbolic system
Tool for communication
Human versus animal language
Origin
Study
Subdisciplines
Early history
Modern linguistics
Physiological and neural architecture of language and speech
The brain
Anatomy of speech
Modality
Structure
Semantics
Sounds and symbols
Grammar
Grammatical categories
Word classes
Morphology
Syntax
Typology and universals
Social contexts of use and transmission
Usage and meaning
Acquisition
Culture
Writing, literacy and technology
Change
Contact
Linguistic diversity
Languages and dialects
Language families of the world
Language endangerment
See also
Notes
References
Works cited
Further reading
External links

Estimates of the number of human languages in the world vary between and . Precise estimates depend on an arbitrary distinction (dichotomy) established between languages and dialects. Natural languages are spoken, signed, or both; however, any language can be encoded into secondary media using auditory, visual, or tactile stimuli – for example, writing, whistling, signing, or braille. In other words, human language is modality-independent, but written or signed language is the way to inscribe or encode the natural human speech or gestures.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “language” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.