Linguistic typology

academic discipline categorizing languages

highly inflected language with many morphemes per word

language that conveys grammatical relationships without using inflectional morphemes

language sharing a certain distinctive pattern relating to the subjects (technically, arguments) of verbs

grammatical structure in some languages

pattern that occurs systematically across nearly all natural languages

language which treats subjects of intransitive verbs like subjects of transitive verbs

word order common in Germanic languages in which the finite verb of a sentence or a clause is placed in the clause's second position

grammatical phenemenon by which a grammatical category—e.g. a verb—forms a compound with its direct object or adverbial modifier, while retaining its original syntactic function

language in which certain pronouns may sometimes be omitted

language in which words tend to be monosyllabic, e.g. Chinese and languages of Southeast Asia

language whose grammar permits an independent clause to lack an explicit subject; such a clause is said to have a null subject; e.g. Arabic, Japanese, Latin, Spanish (but not English)

linguistic borrowing in which the sound and meaning of a foreign word are adjusted to match existing phonetic and semantic elements in the target language

type of morphosyntactic alignment in linguistic typology

group the modern Indo-European languages of Europe with shared common features

thumb|300x300px|Map of major European languages Eurolinguistics is a neologistic term for the study of the languages of Europe. The term Eurolinguistics was first used by Norbert Reiter in 1991 (German equivalent: Eurolinguistik). Apart from a series of works dealing with only a part of the European languages, the work of Harald Haarmann pursues a "pan- or trans-European perspective". This goal is also pursued by Mario Wandruszka.

grammar where inflection "agrees" with primary components of phrases

grammatical phenomenon in Austronesian

language in which the verb typically comes before the object

language that organizes its syntax to emphasize the topic–comment structure of the sentence

concept in linguistics

proposed concept in linguistic typology

English language words

pragmatic word order

languages which place objects before verbs

classification of natural languages

generative grammar parameter, covers order of (verb,subject,object) as well as of (noun,adjective)

geolinguistic region sharing areal features such as tonality

language with no grammatical marks on dependents or modifiers