Manganese minerals

thumb|upright=1.3|Main tourmaline producing countries

rock concretion on the sea bottom made of layers of iron/manganese hydroxides

Phlogopite is a yellow, greenish, or reddish-brown member of the mica family of phyllosilicates. It is also known as magnesium mica.

thumb|Pink eudialyte in syenite ([[lujavrite) from Poços de Caldas, Brazil. The white mineral is alkali feldspar, the black is aegirine, and the little brown bits are biotite.]]

thumb|upright=1.0|Jules Bastien-Lepage, Pas Meche, 1882. An example of the shadows created by using umber in a painting.

Sugilite ( ) is a relatively rare pink to purple cyclosilicate mineral with the complex chemical formula KNa2(Fe, Mn, Al)2Li3Si12O30. Sugilite crystallizes in the hexagonal system with prismatic crystals. The crystals are rarely found and the form is usually massive. It has a Mohs hardness of 5.5–6.5 and a specific gravity of 2.75–2.80. It is mostly translucent. Sugilite was first described in 1944 by the Japanese petrologist Ken-ichi Sugi (1901–1948) for an occurrence on Iwagi Islet, Japan, where it is found in an aegirine syenite intrusive stock. It is found in a similar environment at

a chemical compound

Babingtonite is a calcium iron manganese inosilicate mineral with the formula . It is unusual in that iron(III) completely replaces the aluminium so typical of silicate minerals. It is a very dark green to black translucent (in thin crystals or splinters) mineral crystallizing in the triclinic system with typically radial short prismatic clusters and druzy coatings. It occurs with zeolite minerals in cavities in volcanic rocks. Babingtonite contains both iron(II) and iron(III) and shows weak magnetism. It has a Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6 and a specific gravity of 3.3.

Abswurmbachite is a copper manganese silicate mineral ((Cu,Mn2+)Mn3+6O8SiO4). It was first described in 1991 and named after Irmgard Abs-Wurmbach (born 1938), a German mineralogist. It crystallizes in the tetragonal system. Its Mohs scale rating is 6.5 and a specific gravity of 4.96. It has a metallic luster and its color is jet black, with light brown streaks.

Hauerite is a sulfide mineral in the pyrite group. It is the mineral form of Manganese(IV) disulfide . It forms reddish brown or black octahedral crystals with the pyrite structure and it is usually found associated with the sulfides of other transition metals such as rambergite. It occurs in low temperature, sulfur rich environments associated with solfataras and salt deposits in association with native sulfur, realgar, gypsum and calcite.

Akrochordite is a rare hydrated arsenate mineral with the chemical formula and represents a small group of rare manganese (Mn) arsenates and, similarly to most other Mn-bearing arsenates, possess pinkish colour. It is typically associated with metamorphic Mn deposits.

thumb|Polyhedral representation of the todorokite structure.

Tokyoite is a rare barium manganese vanadate mineral with the chemical formula: Ba2(Mn3+,Fe3+)OH(VO4)2. It is the manganese analogue of the iron rich gamagarite and the barium analogue of the lead vanadate, brackebuschite.

Coronadite is the lead endmember of the coronadite group, a family of tectomanganates with a 2 × 2 tunnel structure. The mineral was named after Francisco Vasquez de Coronado who was an explorer of southwest US. The name was made up by Waldemar Lindgren in 1905. It is chemically related to ferricoronadite, an analogue, as well as cryptomelane, hollandite, manjiroite and strontiomelane.

Asbolane, previously cobalt ochre is a manganese (IV) oxy-hydroxide mineral containing also cobalt, nickel, magnesium, and calcium ions. It crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system. Its chemical formula is .

Strunzite (Mn2+Fe3+2(PO4)2(OH)26H2O) is a light yellow mineral of the strunzite group, first discovered in 1957.

Bannisterite is a phyllosilicate mineral named in honor of mineralogist and x-ray crystallographer Dr. Frederick Allen Bannister (1901–1970). It is chemically similar to tamaite, a calcium-dominant member of the ganophyllite group. It was previously identified as ganophyllite in 1936, but it is more structurally related to the stilpnomelane group. It was approved by the IMA in 1967.

Jôkokuite is a manganese sulfate mineral with chemical formula MnSO4・5H2O. It crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system. It was discovered in 1976 by Matsuo Nanbu at the Jokoku mine in Hokkaido, and is named after the location.

porous secondary manganese oxides, mainly

Gunningite is one of the minerals in the Kieserite group, with the chemical formula . Its name honours Henry Cecil Gunning (1901–1991) of the Geological Survey of Canada and a professor at the University of British Columbia.

Povondraite is a rare silicate mineral from the tourmaline group with formula: NaFe3+3(Fe3+4,Mg2)(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)3O. It is a dark brown to black nearly opaque mineral with a resinous to splendent luster. It crystallizes in the trigonal crystal system as equant, distorted prisms with trigonal pyramid terminations.

Yuksporite is a rare inosilicate mineral with double width, unbranched chains, and the complicated chemical formula . It contains the relatively rare elements strontium, titanium and niobium, as well as the commoner metallic elements potassium, calcium, sodium and manganese. As with all silicates, it contains groups of linked silicon and oxygen atoms, as well as some associated water molecules.

Tusionite is a rare colorless to transparent to translucent yellow brown trigonal borate mineral with chemical formula: MnSn(BO3)2. The mineral is composed of 18.86% manganese, 40.76% tin, 7.42% boron, and 32.96% oxygen. It is a late stage hydrothermal mineral and occurs rarely in granite pegmatites in miarolitic cavities.

Magnetoplumbite is an iron- and lead based oxide mineral. It is member of the magnetoplumbite group of minerals. Its type locality is Långban, Sweden

Azoproite is a rare manganese iron borate mineral with the chemical formula (Mg,Fe)(Fe,Ti,Mg)(BO)O. It was first identified near Lake Baikal, Russia. It was named after the Association pour l'Etude Géologique des Zones Profondes de l'Ecorce Terrestre, whose acronym is AZOPRO in French.

Nezhilovite is a magnetoplumbite mineral discovered in 1996 by Bermanec et al., who gave it the ideal elemental formula PbZn2(Mn4+, Ti4+)2Fe8O19. It forms black magnetic crystals up to 1mm with a tabular, hexagonal outline. The mineral is optically anisotropic, bireflectant and is paramagnetic. The minerals occurs in a matrix of "pink dolomitic marble from a Precambrian metamorphic complex of gneisses, schists and marbles in the Nezhilovo area" of the Pelagonian massif.

Ferricoronadite is a lead mineral discovered in 2016 by Chukanov et al. near Nezhilovo, North Macedonia. Its simplified elemental formula is Pb(Mn64+Fe23+)O16, and it is found in a matrix of zinc-dominant spinels. Ferricoronadite is named as an analogue of coronadite.

Filipstadite is a very rare mineral of the spinel group, with the formula . It is isometric, although it was previously thought to be orthorhombic. When compared to a typical spinel, both the octahedral and tetrahedral sites are split due to cation ordering. Filipstadite is chemically close to melanostibite. The mineral comes from Långban, Sweden, a manganese skarn deposit famous for many rare minerals.

Janggunite is a rare manganese oxide mineral with the chemical formula .

Serrabrancaite is a mineral with the chemical formula MnPO4•H2O and which is named for the locality where it was found, the Alto Serra Branca Pegmatite. The Alto Serra Branca mine has been in operation since the 1940s. It is located in Paraiba, Brazil near a village named Pedra Lavrada. Tantalite is the main mineral mined here. Specimens of serrabrancaite are kept in the Mineralogical Collections of both the Bergakademie Freiberg, Germany and the Martin-Luther Universität Halle, Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften.

Taikanite is a silicate mineral. It was named after the Taikan Range, Russia, its type locality.

Palenzonaite is a rare vanadate mineral which is a member of the berzeliite group and is related to garnet. It was discovered in 1987 by Andrea Palenzona, Professor of Chemistry at the University of Genoa. He discovered palenzonaite at Molinello mine in Val Graveglia, Liguria Italy.

Zirsilite-(Ce) is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group, with formula . The original formula was extended to show the presence of cyclic silicate groups and the presence of silicon at the M4 site, according to the nomenclature of the eudialyte group. Zirsilite-(Ce) differs from carbokentbrooksite in cerium-dominance over sodium only. Both minerals are intimately associated. The only other currently known representative of the eudialyte group having rare earth elements (in particular cerium, as suggested by the "-Ce)" Levinson suffix in the name) in dominance is johnsenite-(Ce).

Miguelromeroite is a mineral named for Miguel Romero Sanchez by Anthony Robert Kampf. The mineral, first described in 2008 was named in 2009, the same year it got approved by the International Mineralogical Association.

Campigliaite is a copper and manganese sulfate mineral with a chemical formula of Cu4Mn(SO4)2(OH)6·4H2O. It has a chemical formula and also a crystal structure similar to niedermayrite, with Cd(II) cation replacing by Mn(II). The formation of campigliaite is related to the oxidation of sulfide minerals to form sulfate solutions with ilvaite associated with the presence of manganese. Campigliaite is a rare secondary mineral formed when metallic sulfide skarn deposits are oxidized. While there are several related associations, there is no abundant source for this mineral due to its rare process

Fianelite is a mineral belonging to the manganese vanadate category, found in iron-manganese ores. Named after the place where it was found, Fianel, a mine located in Val Ferrera (Ferrera valley), in the canton of Graubünden, Swiss. This mineral is found in small amounts in metamorphosed iron-manganese ores. This is the last crystallization of vanadate at the site since medaite was the last vanadate mineral being crystallized, but because of retrograde metamorphism, occurring at the place, vanadium moved into medaite veinlets, forming cross-cutting fianelite on medaite.

Achalaite ((Fe2+, Mn)(Ti, Fe3+, Ta)(Nb, Ta)2O8) is a black mineral of the wodginite group, first discovered in 2013.

Iyoite is a very rare manganese copper chloride hydroxide mineral with the formula MnCuCl(OH)3. Iyoite is a new member of the atacamite group, and it an analogue of botallackite characterized in manganese and copper ordering. Iyoite is monoclinic (space group P21/m). It is chemically similar to misakiite. Both minerals come from the Ohku mine in the Ehime prefecture, Japan.

Joegoldsteinite is a rare sulfide mineral with the formula MnCr2S4. It was discovered in Social Circle meteorite found in Georgia, US. The mineral is named after Joseph (Joe) I. Goldstein.

Andrianovite is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group, with formula Na12(K,Sr,Ce)6Ca6(Mn,Fe)3Zr3NbSi(Si3O9)2(Si9O27)2O(O,H2O,OH)5. The original formula was extended to show the presence of cyclic silicate groups and silicon at the M4 site, according to the nomenclature of eudialyte group. Andrianovite is unique among the eudialyte group in being potassium-rich (other eudialyte-group species with essential K are davinciite and rastsvetaevite). It is regarded as potassium analogue of kentbrooksite, but it also differs from it in being oxygen-dominant rather than fluorine-dominant. Also, the

Ferrokentbrooksite is a moderately rare mineral of the eudialyte group, with formula . The original formula was extended form to show the presence of cyclic silicate groups and presence of silicon at the M4 site, according to the nomenclature of eudialyte group. As suggested by its name, it is the (ferrous) iron analogue of kentbrooksite. When compared to the latter, it is also chlorine-dominant instead of being fluorine-dominant. The original (holotype) material is also relatively enriched in rare earth elements, including cerium and yttrium.

Dualite is a very rare and complex mineral of the eudialyte group, its complexity being expressed in its formula . The formula is simplified as it does not show the presence of cyclic silicate groups. The name of the mineral comes from its dual nature: zircono- and titanosilicate at once. Dualite has two modules in its structure: alluaivite one and eudialyte one. After alluaivite and labyrinthite it stands for third representative of the eudialyte group with essential titanium.

Perettiite-(Y) is a complex silicate–borate mineral with the formula Y2Mn4FeSi2B8O24. It was first discovered in 2015 by Adolf Peretti of the Gemresearch Swisslab (GRS). It was found as inclusions in a phenakite crystal from Mogok, Myanmar.

Manganokhomyakovite is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group, with the chemical formula . This formula is in extended form (based on the original one), to show the presence of cyclic silicate groups and domination of silicon at the M4 site, basing on the nomenclature of the eudialyte group. Some niobium substitutes for tungsten in khomyakovite. As suggested by its name, manganokhomyakovite is a manganese-analogue of khomyakovite, the latter being more rare. The two minerals are the only group representatives, beside taseqite, with species-defining strontium, although many other members di

Zircophyllite is a complex mineral, formula . It crystallizes in the triclinic – pinacoidal crystal class as dark brown to black micaceous plates. It has perfect 001 cleavage, a Mohs hardness of 4 to 4.5 and a specific gravity of 3.34. Its indices of refraction are nα=1.708 nβ=1.738 nγ=1.747 and it has a 2V optical angle of 62°.

Kentbrooksite is a moderately rare mineral of the eudialyte group, with chemical formula . This extended formula shows the presence of cyclic silicate groups and dominance of Si at the M4 site, according to the nomenclature of the eudialyte group. The characteristic features of kentbrooksite, that make it different from eudialyte are: (1) dominancy of fluorine (the only currently known example among the whole group), (2) dominancy of manganese, and (3) dominancy of niobium. Trace hafnium and magnesium are also reported. Kentbrooksite is relatively common when compared to most other species of

Georgbarsanovite is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group, formerly known under unaccepted name as barsanovite, with formula . The original formula was extended to show the presence of cyclic silicate groups and the domination of silicon at the M4 site. "REE", standing for rare earth elements, is dominated by cerium. Georgbarsanovite is characterized in dominance of manganese at the N4 site. It also differs from most other accepted group representatives in its colour. The mineral was found in nepheline pegmatite near Petrelius River, Khibiny massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia. It is named aft