Masks in Europe

thumb|upright|1900s illustration of Saint Nicholas and Krampus visiting a child The Krampus () is a horned anthropomorphic figure who, in the Central and Eastern Alpine folkloric tradition, is said to accompany Saint Nicholas on visits to children during the night of 5 December (Krampusnacht; "Krampus Night"), immediately before the Feast of St. Nicholas on 6 December. In this tradition, Saint Nicholas rewards well-behaved children with small gifts, while Krampus punishes badly behaved ones with birch rods.

annual festival held in Venice, Italy

gold funeral mask discovered at the ancient Greek site of Mycenae

mask depicting Guy Fawkes, now an icon of the group Anonymous

anonymous woman famous for a purported death mask that may in fact have been a life mask, and associated with an apocryphal cause of death as drowing

thumb|upright|Costume for a Knight, by Inigo Jones: the plumed helmet, the "[[heroic cuirass" in armour and other conventions were still employed for opera seria in the 18th century.]]

upright=1.2|thumbnail|Peruchty in , Kingdom of Bohemia, 1910 ' or ' ('Bertha'; ), also commonly known as '''''' () and other variations, was thought to be a goddess in Alpine paganism in the Upper German and also Austrian and Slovenian regions of the Alps. Her name may mean 'the bright one' or 'the bearer' (, from Proto-Germanic *berhtaz) and is probably related to the name , meaning 'the feast of the Epiphany'. Eugen Mogk provides an alternative etymology, attributing the origin of the name to the Old High German verb , meaning 'hidden' or 'covered'. The exact origin or time of origin is unkn

16th-century instrument of punishment or torture

2010 French act of parliament

mask that covers only the eyes and optionally nose

commonly worn outfit of doctors tasked with treating plague victims

200px|right|thumb|Sketch of Harlequin, a popular Zanni character Zanni (), Zani or Zane is a character type of commedia dell'arte best known as an astute servant and a trickster. The Zanni comes from the countryside and is known to be a "dispossessed immigrant worker". Through time, the Zanni grew to be a popular figure who was first seen in commedia as early as the 14th century. The English word zany derives from this character. The longer the nose on the character's mask, the more foolish the character.

1821 death mask and its copies

thumb|Chalkidian black-figure eye-cup, circa 530 BC, Munich: [[Staatliche Antikensammlungen.]] thumb|Dionysos on a boat, sailing amongst dolphins. Attic black-figure kylix by [[Exekias, circa 530 BC. Found at Vulci. Dionysus cup: Staatliche Antikensammlungen, Munich.]] thumb|Outside of the Dionysus cup

(1947-2015)

annual ceremony in French Catalonia

Flint artifact