Mental disorders

distressing thought or behavior pattern

state of low mood and aversion to activity

maladaptive patterns of behavior

thumb|A young Japanese man living as a hikikomori in 2004 Hikikomori ( , ) are reclusive adolescents or adults who withdraw from social life, often seeking extreme degrees of isolation and confinement. The term refers to both the sociological phenomenon in general and the individuals belonging to this societal group, who have been described as "modern hermits". Hikikomori has been an increasing problem in Japan since the 1990s, with estimates suggesting that over a million individuals are affected. While the phenomenon is most associated with Japan, cases with similar conditions have also been

Misophonia (or selective sound sensitivity syndrome) is a disorder of decreased tolerance to specific sounds or their associated stimuli, or cues. These cues, known as "triggers", are experienced as unpleasant or distressing and tend to evoke strong negative emotional, physiological, and behavioral responses not seen in most other people. Misophonia and the behaviors that people with misophonia often use to cope with it (such as avoidance of "triggering" situations or using hearing protection) can adversely affect the ability to achieve life goals, communicate effectively, and enjoy social sit

Hypersomnia is a neurological disorder of excessive time spent sleeping or excessive sleepiness. It can have many possible causes (such as seasonal affective disorder) and can cause distress and problems with functioning. In the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), hypersomnolence, of which there are several subtypes, appears under sleep-wake disorders.

disease of mental health that involves a failure to resist an impulsive act or behaviour that may be harmful to self or others

Emetophobia is a phobia that causes overwhelming, intense anxiety pertaining to vomit. This specific phobia can also include subcategories of what causes the anxiety, including a fear of vomiting, being vomited on, or seeing others vomit. Emetophobes might also avoid the mentions of "barfing", vomiting, "throwing up", or "puking".

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Misokinesia is a condition marked by a strong negative emotional or physiological response to the sight of movements made by other people, such as fidgeting, leg shaking, hair twirling, and others. It is often described as a "hatred of movements" and can lead to feelings of annoyance, anger, and notable anxiety. The cause of misokinesia is unknown.

There are currently two widely established systems for classifying mental disorders

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aspect of history

ability to recognise and understand mental health disorders

medical intervention

theory in psychopathology

help given to people with mental health problems