Monotypic Poaceae genera

Reynaudia is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Reynaudia filiformis, native to the Greater Antilles (Cuba, Jamaica, and Hispaniola).

Schizachne is a genus of Eurasian and North American plants in the grass family. The only accepted species is Schizachne purpurascens, commonly called false melic. Three subspecies are recognized: Schizachne purpurascens subsp. callosa (Turcz. ex Griseb.) T.Koyama & Kawano – European and Asiatic Russia, China (Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin, Liaoning, Shanxi, Yunnan), Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan Schizachne purpurascens subsp. capillipes (Kom.) Tzvelev – Kamchatka Schizachne purpurascens subsp. purpurascens – Canada (all 10 provinces plus Yukon + NWT), United States (Alaska, Rocky Mountai

Cottea is a genus of plants in the grass family native to North and South America. There is only one known species, Cottea pappophoroides, native to the southwestern United States (southern Arizona, southern New Mexico, western Texas), Mexico, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina. (The name Cottea sarmentosa was coined in 1854 for a species now known as Enneapogon desvauxii.)

Acritochaete is a genus of African plants in the grass family.

Chaetobromus is a genus of African plants in the grass family.

Buergersiochloa is a genus of New Guinean in the grass family.

Pogononeura is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Pogononeura biflora, native to Uganda and Tanzania.

Chevalierella is a genus of African plants in the grass family. The only known species is Chevalierella dewildemanii, native to Republic of Congo and to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Potamophila is a genus of Australian plants in the grass family.

Dissochondrus, or false bristlegrass, is a genus of Hawaiian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Dissochondrus biflorus.

Chamaeraphis is a genus of Australian plants in the grass family. The only recognized species is Chamaeraphis hordeacea, found in Queensland and Northern Territory.

Psilolemma is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Psilolemma jaegeri, native to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania.

Vaseyochloa is a monotypic genus in the grass family Poaceae. Its sole species, the flowering plant Vaseyochloa multinervosa, is endemic to Texas. It is commonly known as Texasgrass.

Uranthoecium is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Uranthoecium truncatum, native to Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia, Northern Territory, and Western Australia. A common name is flat-stem grass.

Sphaerocaryum is a genus of Asian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Sphaerocaryum malaccense, native to southern China, Indochina, the Indian subcontinent, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines, and Sumatra. (Isachne pulchella was formerly included in this genus, as Sphaerocaryum pulchellum.)

Froesiochloa is a genus of South American plants in the grass family. The only known species is Froesiochloa boutelouoides, native to Guyana, French Guiana, and Brazil (Amapá, Pará).

Oxyrhachis is a genus of African plants in the grass family. The only known species is Oxyrhachis gracillima, native to Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Cameroon, Tanzania, Madagascar, KwaZulu-Natal, Cape Province.

Reitzia is a genus of plants in the grass family.

Trilobachne is a genus of South Asian plants in the grass family.

Viguierella is a genus of Madagascan plants in the grass family. The only known species is Viguierella madagascariensis.

Notochloe is a genus of Australian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Notochloe microdon, found only in New South Wales.

Asthenochloa is a monotypic genus of Southeast Asian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Asthenochloa tenera, native to Philippines, Sulawesi, Java, and the Lesser Sunda Islands.

Phyllorachis is a genus of African plants in the grass family. The only known species is Phyllorachis sagittata, native to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Zambia, Angola and Malawi.

Pascopyrum is a monotypic genus of grass containing the sole species Pascopyrum smithii, which is known by the common names western wheatgrass and red-joint wheatgrass, after the red coloration of the nodes. It is native to North America.

Castellia is a genus of African and Eurasian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Castellia tuberculosa, native to southern Europe (Spain, Sardinia, Greece), northern and northeastern Africa (Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Djibouti, Eritrea, Somalia, Sudan), and southwestern Asia (Saudi Arabia, Oman, Persian Gulf Sheikdoms, Iran, Pakistan, Punjab State of India).

Zygochloa is a genus of desert plants in the grass family known only from Australia. The only known species is Zygochloa paradoxa, commonly known as sandhill canegrass. It occurs in extremely arid areas such as the Simpson Desert.

Cleistachne is a genus of African and Asian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Cleistachne sorghoides, native to Eastern Africa and Southeastern Africa (from Ethiopia to Mpumalanga), and parts of Asia (Oman, Odisha State in India).

Rhynchoryza is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Rhynchoryza subulata, native to Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), Argentina (Santa Fe, Buenos Aires, Entre Rios, Corrientes, Chaco), Paraguay and Uruguay.

Relchela is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Relchela panicoides, native to Chile and Argentina (Neuquén, Río Negro, Chubut, Neuquén).

Triscenia is a genus of Cuban plants in the grass family. The only known species is Triscenia ovina.

Streptolophus is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Streptolophus sagittifolius, found only in Angola.

Heteranthoecia is a genus of African plants in the grass family. The only known species is Heteranthoecia guineensis, which is widespread across much of tropical Africa from Senegal to Tanzania and Angola.

Rhizocephalus is a genus of plants in the grass family, Poaceae. The only known species is Rhizocephalus orientalis, native to Afghanistan, Armenia, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, Asiatic Turkey, and Uzbekistan.

Triplopogon is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Triplopogon ramosissimus, native to Maharashtra, India.

Wangenheimia is a monotypic genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Wangenheimia lima.

thumb|Pseudodichanthium serrafalcoides (Cooke & Stapf) Bor Pseudodichanthium is a genus of Asian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Pseudodichanthium serrafalcoides, native to Maharashtra and Oman.

Vahlodea is a monotypic genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Vahlodea atropurpurea

Pseudodanthonia is a genus of Himalayan plants in the grass family. The only known species is Pseudodanthonia himalaica, native to Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh in northern India

Rehia is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Rehia nervata, native to Brazil (Amapá, Pará, Maranhão) and to the Guianas (Suriname, Guyana, French Guiana).

Glaziophyton is a Brazilian genus of bamboo in the grass family.

Oreobambos buchwaldii is the sole representative of Oreobambos, a monotypic African genus of bamboo, most closely related to the large genus Bambusa from tropical Asia and America. It is large and perennial with arching stems up to 20 m. high, growing in isolated clumps, in forest clearings and swamp forest, and along streams, at altitudes of 300–2000 m. It occurs along the tropical east of Africa in eastern DR Congo, Burundi, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Mozambique, Malawi, Zimbabwe and Zambia. This is one of only a handful of indigenous African bamboos.

Ancistragrostis is a genus of Australian and New Guinean plants in the family Poaceae.

Tatianyx is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Tatianyx arnacites, native to the States of Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, and Pará.

Erianthecium is a genus of grasses. It includes a single species, Erianthecium bulbosum, a perennial native to southern Brazil and Uruguay.

Kampochloa is a genus of African plants in the grass family. The only known species is Kampochloa brachyphylla, native to Zambia and Angola.

Sclerodactylon is a genus of plants in the grass family, native to eastern Africa and to various islands in the Indian Ocean.

Leptagrostis is a genus of bunchgrasses in the tribe Molinieae of the grass family, Poaceae, native to eastern Africa.

Gilgiochloa is a genus of African plants in the grass family.

Manisuris is a genus of Indian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Manisuris myurus, native to Tamil Nadu in Southern India.

Mosdenia is a genus of African plants in the grass family. The only known species is Mosdenia leptostachys, native to Angola and Limpopo.

Lecomtella is a genus of grasses with the sole species Lecomtella madagascariensis, native to Madagascar. It is the only genus in the tribe Lecomtelleae.

Temburongia is a genus of bamboo from the Sultanate of Brunei on the Island of Borneo. It is usually classified in the subtribe Shibataeinae, though its exact relationship with the subtribe remains unclear.

Nephelochloa is a genus of flowering plant in the grass family, Poaceae. The only known species is Nephelochloa orientalis, found only in Turkey.

Baptorhachis is a genus of Southwest African plants in the grass family. The only known species is Baptorhachis foliacea, found only in Mozambique.

Suddia is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Suddia sagittifolia, which is native to South Sudan in central Africa.

Psammagrostis is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Psammagrostis wiseana, native to Western Australia.

Triplachne is a genus of seaside plants in the grass family, native to shorelines in the Mediterranean region from the Canary Islands to Turkey. The only known species is Triplachne nitens, called shining grass. It is native to Spain (incl Canary + Balearic Is), Portugal (incl Madeira), Sicily, Greece (incl Crete), Algeria, Morocco, Libya, Tunisia, Egypt (incl Sinai), Turkey, Cyprus, Palestine, Israel.

Chlorocalymma is a genus of Tanzanian plants in the grass family. The only known species is Chlorocalymma cryptacanthum, native to the Iringa Region of central Tanzania.

Spathia is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Spathia neurosa, native to northern Australia (Queensland, Northern Territory, and Western Australia).

Vietnamochloa is a genus of plants in the grass family. The only known species is Vietnamochloa aurea, found only in Vietnam.