Nuclear weapons policy

international treaty

There are currently nine sovereign states that are generally understood to possess nuclear weapons, though only eight formally acknowledge possessing them. In order of first successful nuclear test, the world's nine nuclear-armed states are the United States (1945), Russia (1949), the United Kingdom (1952), France (1960), China (1964), India (1974), Pakistan (1998), and North Korea (2006); Israel is believed to have acquired nuclear weapons around 1967, but has never openly tested or formally acknowledged having them. Under the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, France, and China are recognized "nuclear-weapons states" (NWS). They are also the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council. Israel, India, and Pakistan never signed the NPT, while North Korea acceded to it in 1985 before announcing withdrawal in 2003.

treaty that forms the basis of international space law

legally binding international agreement to prohibit nuclear weapons

arms control agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union

International agreement on the nuclear program of Iran

1963 limited test ban treaty

international treaty to ban nuclear explosions

Prime Minister of New Zealand from 1984 to 1989

manifesto issued in London on 9 July 1955 by Bertrand Russell in the midst of the Cold War; highlighted the dangers posed by nuclear weapons and called for world leaders to seek peaceful resolutions to international conflict

spread of nuclear weapons

The RDS-1 (), also known as First Lightning (), was the first nuclear weapons test that was conducted by the Soviet Union. It was detonated on 29 August 1949 at 7:00 a.m. Kazakhstan Time (decree time) (UTC+06:00), at the Semipalatinsk Test Site in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, and yielded 22 kilotons of TNT.

social movement that opposes nuclear technologies

treaty to prohibit and prevent the testing, use, production, storage or acquisition of any nuclear weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean

concept in NATO's policy of nuclear deterrence

academic journal

United Nations Security Council resolution

Office of the United Nations Secretariat

United Nations Security Council resolution

research institute of the United Nations

It is observed on August 29 every Year

joint agreement between the United Kingdom and United States primarily for nuclear energy

United Nations Security Council resolution

projects and lists of French weapons of mass destruction

Japan's peacetime nuclear strategy, announced in 1967 with consideration for some LDP supporters

United Nations Security Council resolution

a world summit aimed at preventing nuclear terrorism around the globe

Treaty in force

type of international nuclear weapons policy

Einstein's committee of atomic scientists (1946-1951)

peace prize awarded annually since 1980 by the Albert Einstein Peace Prize Foundation

The RDS-2 (Russian: РДС-2) was a second nuclear bomb developed by the Soviet Union as an improved version of the RDS-1. It included new explosive lenses along with a new core design to decrease the probability of pre-detonation or 'fizzle'. The levitated core increased implosion efficiency by allowing for an empty space between the "flying layer" and the core, thereby allowing rapid acceleration of the shock wave before it impacted the core.

United Nations Security Council resolution

American physicist and historian

German diplomat

January 2022 statement

2012 Nuclear Security Summit held in Seoul, South Korea

controversies surrounding nuclear weapons

advisory opinion stating that there is no source of law, customary or treaty, that explicitly prohibits the possession or even use of nuclear weapons

Nuclear Security Summit in Washington DC

2005 United Nations treaty

Wikimedia list article

Italian nuclear engineer,

treaty

Wikimedia disambiguation page

intergovernment agency

organization

system developed by the United States to monitor compliance with the Partial Test Ban Treaty

area in which nuclear weapons and power plants are banned

nonprofit non-governmental institution dedicated to nuclear nonproliferation

system of inspection and verification of the peaceful uses of nuclear materials as part of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), supervised by the International Atomic Energy Agency

organization