Palmyrene Empire

Palmyra (, ; ; ) is an ancient city in central Syria. It is located in the eastern part of the Levant, and archaeological finds date back to the Neolithic period, and documents first mention the city in the early second millennium BCE. Palmyra changed hands on a number of occasions between different empires before becoming a subject of the Roman Empire in the first century CE.

Septimia Zenobia (; ) was a third-century queen of the Palmyrene Empire in Syria. Many legends surround her ancestry; she was probably not a commoner. She married Odaenathus, who became king of the city of Palmyra in 260, elevating it to supreme power in the Near East by defeating the Sasanian Empire of Persia and stabilizing the Roman East. After Odaenathus' assassination in 267, Zenobia became the regent of her son Vaballathus and held de facto power throughout his reign (267 to 272).

breakaway state from the Roman Empire (270–273)

Septimius Odaenathus (; ; – 267) was the founding king (malik) of the Palmyrene Kingdom who ruled from Palmyra, Syria. He elevated the status of his kingdom from a regional center subordinate to Rome into a formidable state in South-West Asia. Odaenathus was born into an aristocratic Palmyrene family that had received Roman citizenship in the 190s under the Severan Dynasty. He was the son of Hairan, the descendant of Nasor. The circumstances surrounding his rise are ambiguous; he became the lord (ras) of the city, a position created for him, as early as the 240s and by 258, he was styled a con

Septimius Vaballathus (; ; – ) was emperor of the Palmyrene Empire centred at Palmyra in the region of Syria.

co-king of Palmyra from 263 to 267

200px|thumb|Maeonius from the Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum thumb|Zenobia sentences to death Maeonius, the murderer of her husband Odaenathus, end of 16th century, Bruxelles manufacture

late 3rd century Palmyrene rebel leader

pre-Islamic Arabian god

3rd century prince of Palmyra

thumb|Zenobia.jpg Zabdas was a 3rd-century general (an Egyptian according to ancient sources like Zosimus and Historia Augusta) who led the forces of Empress Zenobia of Palmyra during her rule as regent of her son Vaballathus and her subsequent rebellion against the Roman Emperor under the short-lived independent Palmyrene Empire. He led Palmyra's expeditions in the middle east which included annexing territory spanning from Roman Egypt to Asia Minor.

probably fictional Roman usurper