People executed by the Roman Republic

Marcus Tullius Cicero ( , ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, orator, and writer who tried to uphold principles during the political crises of the Roman Republic that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. The extensive writings of Cicero include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy, and politics. He is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists and the innovator of what became known as "Ciceronian rhetoric". Cicero was educated in Rome and in Greece. He came from a wealthy municipal () family of the Roman

Vercingetorix (; ; ; – 46 BC) was a Gallic nobleman and chieftain of the Arverni who united the Gauls in a failed revolt against Rome during the Gallic Wars (58–50 BC).

Ptolemy XV Caesar (; , ; 47 BC – late August 30 BC), nicknamed Caesarion (, , "Little Caesar"), was the last pharaoh of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, reigning with his mother Cleopatra VII from 44 BC to 30 BC. He nominally reigned as sole pharaoh for a few days after his mother's death, although Alexandria had already fallen and Caesarion remained in hiding until his execution by Octavian, who would become the first Roman emperor as "Augustus".

Jugurtha or Jugurthen ( c. 160 – 104 BC) was a king of Numidia, the ancient kingdom of the Numidians in northwest Africa. When the Numidian king Micipsa, who had adopted Jugurtha, died in 118 BC, Micipsa's two sons, Hiempsal and Adherbal, along with Jugurtha, were in line for succession. Jugurtha arranged to have Hiempsal killed in 117 BC and, after a civil war, defeated and killed Adherbal in 112 BC.

king of Judea

brother of Marcus Tullius Cicero

king of Pergamum, imposter

Roman orator and grandfather of Mark Antony the triumvir

king of Cappadoccia

step-father of Mark Antony

Son of Roman Triumvir Marc Antony (47–30 BC)

reigned c. 42 BC – 36 BC, became king after his brother Ariobarzanes III Philoromaios

brother of the triumvir Mark Antony

1st-century BC Jewish noble and rebel against Rome

suffect consul in 45 BC

Ancient Roman consul

1st century BC Roman general and consul

king of Commagene

Roman general

son of the triumvir Lepidus

samnite military commander

ancient Roman politician and military commander

Aristion (Greek: Άριστίων; died 1 March 86 BC in Athens) was a philosopher who became tyrant of Athens from 88 BC until he was executed in 86 BC. Aristion joined forces with King Mithridates VI of Pontus against Greece's overlords, the Romans, fighting alongside Pontic forces during the First Mithridatic War, but to no avail. On 1 March 86 BC, after a long and destructive siege, Athens was taken by the Roman general Lucius Cornelius Sulla, who had Aristion executed.

Pseudo-Marius (also referred to as Amatius, Herophilus, Chamates, or the false Marius; died 13 April 44 BC) was a man who claimed to be the son of Gaius Marius the Younger, and therefore the grandson of the famous Roman general Gaius Marius. He was murdered on the orders of Mark Antony following the assassination of Julius Caesar.

Roman aedile between 53 and 52 BC

Roman politician and soldier (died 82 BC)

Roman senator and politician (died 63 BC)

Roman general who served under Sulla

Adiatorix () was the son of Domneclius (or Domnilaus), tetrarch of the Trocmi in Galatia. Cicero reports that he was a high priest in 50 BC, and scholars have reckoned him an adherent of Deiotarus. He belonged to Mark Antony's party, and was put in charge of Heraclea Pontica by him. Shortly before the Battle of Actium in 31, Adiatorix had all the Roman colonists in Heracleia put to death. He claimed he had been given permission to do so by Mark Antony, but modern writers consider this doubtful. After this battle he was led as prisoner in the triumph of Augustus, and put to death with his young

tribune of the plebs in 82 BC executed for having spoken Rome's secret name out loud

first century BC Roman quaestor and general

citizen of Fondi, and the leader of the revolt of the Fundani and Privernates against Rome in 330 BC