Personality disorders

maladaptive patterns of behavior

Sadism () and masochism (), known collectively as sadomasochism ( ) or S&M, is the derivation of pleasure from acts of respectively inflicting or receiving pain or humiliation. The term is named after the Marquis de Sade, a French author known for his violent and libertine works and lifestyle, and Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, an Austrian author who described masochistic tendencies in his works. Though sadomasochistic behaviours and desires do not necessarily need to be linked to sex, sadomasochism is also a definitive feature of consensual BDSM relationships.

personality disorder characterized by procrastination, covert obstructionism, inefficiency and stubbornness

proposed personality disorder in an earlier edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III-R) in 1987

personality disorder diagnosis involving sadism

proposed personality disorder

Personality disorder

mental disorder

Self-directedness is a personality trait held by someone with characteristic self-determination, that is, the ability to regulate and adapt behavior to the demands of a situation in order to achieve personally chosen goals and values.

set of personality traits that make an individual predisposed to developing addictions

medical condition

Self-transcendence is a personality trait that involves the expansion or evaporation of personal boundaries. This may potentially include spiritual experiences such as considering oneself an integral part of the universe. Several psychologists, including Viktor Frankl, Abraham Maslow, and Pamela G. Reed have made contributions to the theory of self-transcendence.