Physical culture

thumb|Pilates reformer machine Pilates ( , ) is a type of mind–body exercise that encompasses the original discipline created by Joseph Pilates and the modifications to it that have arisen over the years. As of 2023, over 12 million people practice Pilates.

all-age gymnastics organization first founded in Prague

health and strength training movement

Religious and social movement

thumb|upright=1.2|Gymnastics room in Turner Hall (Milwaukee, Wisconsin)|Turner Hall, Milwaukee, thumb|upright=1.2|3,000 Turners performed at the Federal Gymnastics Festival in Milwaukee, 1893.

philosophy of developing mental and physical strength among Jews

outdoor acrobatics and gymnastics platform