Plastids

thumb|upright=1.35|Structure of a typical higher-plant chloroplast. The green chlorophyll is contained in stacks of disk-like [[thylakoids.]] thumb|upright=1.35|Chloroplasts, containing thylakoids, visible in the cells of Rosulabryum capillare, a type of [[moss]] A chloroplast ( ) is a type of organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant and algal cells. Chloroplasts have a high concentration of chlorophyll pigments which capture the energy from sunlight and convert it to chemical energy and release oxygen. The chemical energy created is then used to make sugar and

thumb|upright|The coloration of the petals and [[sepals on the bee orchid is controlled by chromoplasts.]]

250px|thumb|Thylakoids (dark green) inside a chloroplast Thylakoids are membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stromal thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.

thumb|Different plastids Proteinoplasts (sometimes called proteoplasts, aleuroplasts, and aleuronaplasts) are specialized organelles found only in plant cells. Proteinoplasts belong to a broad category of organelles known as plastids. Plastids are specialized double-membrane organelles found in plant cells. Plastids perform a variety of functions such as metabolism of energy, and biological reactions. There are multiple types of plastids recognized including Leucoplasts, Chromoplasts, and Chloroplasts. Plastids are broken up into different categories based on characteristics such as size, func