Pliensbachian first appearances

Lepidoptera ( ) or lepidopterans are an order of winged insects which include butterflies and moths. About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera have been described, representing 10% of the total described species of living organisms, making it the second largest insect order (behind Coleoptera) with 126 families and 46 superfamilies, and one of the most widespread and widely recognizable insect orders in the world.

thumb|Skull of a cryptodiran turtle from the family Emydidae thumb|Dorsal view of skull and [[cervical vertebrae of a cryptodiran turtle from the family Emydidae. Not all cervical vertebrae are featured due to the dissection cut.]]

Balanus is a genus of barnacles in the family Balanidae of the subphylum Crustacea. right|thumb|240px|Fossil shells of Balanus from Pliocene

Plesiosauroidea (; Greek: 'near, close to' and 'lizard') is an extinct clade of carnivorous marine reptiles. They have the snake-like longest neck to body ratio of any reptile. Plesiosauroids are known from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. After their discovery, some plesiosauroids were said to have resembled "a snake threaded through the shell of a turtle", although they had no shell.

Hildoceratidae is a family of ammonoid cephalopods from the Lower Jurassic, lower Pliensbachian (Jamesoni zone) to lower Bajocian (maybe even upper Bajocian) substages, generally with strongly ribbed, involute shells. They are combined with the Hammatoceratidae (= Phymatoceratidae), Graphoceratidae, and Sonniniidae to make up the Hildoceratoidea.