Radiation

form of energy emitted and absorbed by particles which are charged which shows wave-like behavior as it travels through space

electromagnetic radiation of high frequency and high energy

upright=1.5|thumb|right|An illustration of the relative abilities of three different types of ionizing radiation to penetrate solid matter. Typical alpha particles (α) are stopped by a sheet of paper, while beta particles (β) are stopped by 3mm aluminum foil. Gamma radiation (γ) is dampened when it penetrates lead. Note caveats in the text about this simplified diagram. border|right|frameless|597x597px thumb|upright|The international symbol for ionizing radiation (radioactivity) that is unsafe for Radiation shield|unshielded humans. Radiation, in general, exists throughout nature, such as in l

thumb|Albedo change in Greenland: The map shows the difference between the amount of sunlight [[Greenland reflected in the summer of 2011 versus the amount it reflected between 2000 and 2006. Some areas reflect close to 20 percent less light than a decade ago.]] Albedo ( ; ) is the fraction of sunlight that is diffusely reflected by a body. It is measured on a scale from 0 (corresponding to a black body that absorbs all incident radiation) to 1 (corresponding to a body that reflects all incident radiation). Surface albedo is defined as the ratio of radiosity Je to the irradiance Ee (flux per u

phenomenon in astronomy

way in which the energy of a photon is taken up by matter; physical process of absorbing light, while absorbance does not always measure absorption: it measures attenuation (of transmitted radiant power)

pressure exerted upon any surface exposed to electromagnetic radiation

process of treating food and other consumer products with gamma rays, x-rays, or high voltage electrons to kill potential harmful bacteria

technical room for sound recording or research

spectroscopic techniques that measure the absorption of radiation

Radiophysics (also modern writing radio physics) is a branch of physics focused on the theoretical and experimental study of certain kinds of radiation, its emission, propagation and interaction with matter.

electromagnetic radiation with a single constant frequency

process in which neutron radiation induces radioactivity in materials

secondary electron with enough energy to escape a significant distance away from the primary radiation beam and produce further ionization

thumb|right|200px|alt=Radiation need not be feared, but it must command your respect.|Health physics poster [[exhorting respect for—rather than fear of—radiation. (ORNL, 1947)]]

theoretical point source which radiates electromagnetic or sound waves at the same intensity in all directions

electric charge of ions produced in air by X- or gamma radiation per mass of air, when all liberated electrons are completely stopped

in physics, single disturbance moving through a medium

number of times a specific event occurs per photon absorbed by the system

Free electron in a solution, often liquid ammonia

recoil force on an accelerating charged particle caused by the particle emitting electromagnetic radiation

postulated type of radiation that mediates interactions of dark matter

kinetic energy lost by charged particles traversing a given material per traversed distance

Actinism is the property of solar radiation that leads to the production of photochemical and photobiological effects. It is important in chemical photography and x-ray imaging, and causes sunburn and photodegradation of materials. Actinic chemicals include silver salts used in photography and other light-sensitive chemicals.

Radappertization is a form of food irradiation which applies a dose of ionizing radiation sufficient to reduce the number and activity of viable microorganisms to such an extent that very few, if any, are detectable in the treated food by any recognized method (viruses being excepted).

distance traveled by a radiation particle till its kinetic energy is used up

apparent paradox in the context of general relativity

thumb|150px|right|The Radura logo, used to show a food has been treated with ionizing radiation (international version) thumb|150px|right|The Radura symbol, used to show a food has been treated with Irradiation|ionizing radiation (U.S. FDA version)

topic in astronomy

X-ray radiation detector that uses high purity silicon to produce a high count rate at room temperature

imaging technology for x-ray or gamma sources

International Labour Organization Convention

Radicidation is a specific case of food irradiation where the dose of ionizing radiation applied to the food is sufficient to reduce the number of viable specific non-spore-forming pathogenic bacteria to such a level that none are detectable when the treated food is examined by any recognized method. The required dose is in the range of 2 – 8 kGy. The term may also be applied to the destruction of parasites such as tapeworm and trichina in meat, in which case the required dose is in the range of 0.1 – 1 kGy. When the process is used specifically for destroying enteropathogenic and enterotoxino

materials made radioactive by neutron activation