Rashidun Caliphate

first caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (632–661)

thumb|Ottoman Empire|Ottoman miniature paintings depicting [[Muhammad (center) and the Rashidun caliphs (anticlockwise) Abu Bakr, Umar, Ali, and Uthman, ]]

632 battle

Iranian national heritage site

Sasanian style coins made in the Islamic caliphates