Religion and alcohol

Alevism (; ; ), also known as Qizilbashism, is a syncretic and mystic tradition, formulated by Haji Bektash Veli. It is generally agreed that it is akin to a Sufi rendition of Twelver Shi'ism that integrates Central Asian shamanic elements, though some dissenting voices base the Alevi belief squarely in a non-denominational, heterodox Anatolian Islam instead. They acknowledge the six articles of faith of Islam, but may differ regarding their interpretation. Lack of gender segregation in ritual contexts and clergy is one of the key features that sets Alevism apart from Muslim orthodoxy.

Bektashism (, ) is a Sufi order of Islam that evolved in 13th-century western Anatolia and became widespread in the Ottoman Empire. It is named after the walī (saint) Haji Bektash Veli, with adherents called Bektashis. Origins of Haji Bektash's teachings can be traced back to the scholar Ahmad Yasawi of Turkestan. The highest title in Bektashi chain of succession is Dedebaba, followed by Halifebaba and Baba.

Rakia, rakija, rakiya, rachiu or rikea (), is the collective term for fruit spirits or fruit brandy popular in the Balkans. The alcohol content of rakia is normally 40% ABV, but home-produced rakia can be stronger (typically 50–80%).

thumb|upright=1.35|Share of over-fifteen-year-old population that reportedly have never drunk alcohol (interactive version). Global average is 45%. thumb|upright=1.35|Data for 2010 showing share of over-fifteen-year-old population that did not consume alcohol in the preceding year (interactive version).

thumb|300x300px|Timurid art|Timurid painting of courtly men enjoying khamr Khamr (, plural, khumūr ), is an Arabic word for wine or intoxicant. In Islamic context, is variously defined as alcoholic beverages, wine or liquor. The position of alcohol in Islam is a complex subject in terms of its historical implementation and nuanced scholarly interpretation. While the "dominant" belief among Muslims is that consumption of alcohol in any form is forbidden, and in addition selling, transporting, serving, etc. alcohol is also a sin, there are some disagreements; for example, the Hanafi school inter

Nabīth (Arabic: '''''' ) is a traditional fermented drink from the Arabian Peninsula typically made from dates steeped in water, although it can also be made with dried grapes (raisins). Nabidh is usually non-intoxicating, but if left for a certain period of time, it can turn mildly intoxicating, or heavily intoxicating depending on the level of fermentation.

thumb|271x271px|Sake offered on a sanbo altar '''' is an offering of sake or other alcoholic drinks offered to gods in Japanese Shinto.