Scribes

Thoth (from , borrowed from , , the reflex of "[he] is like the ibis") is an ancient Egyptian deity. In art, he was often depicted as a man with the head of an ibis or a baboon, animals sacred to him. His feminine counterpart is Seshat, and his wife is Ma'at. He is the god of the Moon, wisdom, knowledge, writing, hieroglyphs, science, magic, art, and judgment.

Enki (Sumerian: dEN-KI), also known as Ea (Akkadian: dE₂-A), was the Mesopotamian god of wisdom, crafts, fresh subterranean waters, magic, and incantations. He was believed to rule the Abzû. In Mesopotamian astronomy, he was associated with the stars of the southern band of the sky. Enki's wife was Damgalnuna, and their children included Nanshe, Asalluhi, Marduk and Enbilulu. His sukkal (attendant deity) was Isimud. Servants of the god included lahmu, kulullû, and the Seven Sages.

thumb|upright|''Portrait of the Scribe Mir 'Abd Allah Katib in the Company of a Youth Burnishing Paper'' (Mughal Empire, ca. 1602) A scribe is a person who serves as a professional copyist, especially one who made copies of manuscripts before the invention of automatic printing.

thumb|350px|The Joshua Roll, [[Vatican Library. An illuminated scroll, probably of the 10th century, created in the Byzantine empire.]] right|thumb|Scroll of the Book of Esther, [[Seville, Spain]] right|thumb|Ingredients used in making ink for Hebrew scrolls today A scroll (from the Old French escroe or escroue), also known as a roll, is a roll of papyrus, parchment, or paper containing writing.

Seshat (, under various spellings) was the ancient Egyptian goddess of writing, wisdom, and knowledge. She was seen as a scribe and record keeper. She was also credited with inventing writing. She became identified as the goddess of measurement, accounting, architecture, science, astronomy, mathematics, geometry, history and surveying. She was variously depicted as the wife, daughter, or feminine counterpart of Thoth, who was also associated with knowledge, astronomy, measurement, and writing.''''''

thumb|upright=1.2|Eighth-century BCE Assyrian seal portraying a worshipper between Nabu and Marduk, who each stand on a (servant dragon)

brief statement of a book's own information, such as publisher, location, and date of publication

Turkic poet

thumb|Islamic portrayal of the angel Metatron () depicted in the ( 'Degrees of Truths') by Nasir ad-Din Rammal in the 14th century CE.

a handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible

Nisaba was the Mesopotamian goddess of writing and grain. She is one of the oldest Sumerian deities attested in writing, and remained prominent through many periods of Mesopotamian history. She was commonly worshiped by scribes, and numerous Sumerian texts end with the doxology "praise to Nisaba" as a result. She declined after the Old Babylonian period due to the rise of the new scribe god, Nabu, though she did not fully vanish from Mesopotamian religion and attestations from as late as the neo-Babylonian period are known.

Geshtinanna was a Mesopotamian goddess best known due to her role in myths about the death of Dumuzi, her brother. It is not certain what functions she fulfilled in the Mesopotamian pantheon, though her association with the scribal arts and dream interpretation is well attested. She could serve as a scribe in the underworld, where according to the myth ''Inanna's Descent'' she had to reside for a half of each year in place of her brother.

thumb|14th century illustration of Titivillus at a scribe's desk thumb|Titivillus in a detail of Diego de la Cruz (painter)|Diego de la Cruz's Virgin of Mercy (), [[Burgos, Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas.]] thumb|upright|Saint John the Evangelist on Patmos by Hieronymus Bosch, 1505. It is believed that the devil on the lower right corner of the scene, with a human face and an insect body, is Titivillus. It appears Titivillus tries to grab and steal Saint John's ink bottle using a rake-like tool.

abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in Latin, and later in Greek, Old Norse and other European languages

During the Mughal Empire, Munshi () came to be used as a respected title for persons who achieved mastery over language and politics in the Indian subcontinent. == Use in Bengal == The surname "Munshi" (Bengali: মুন্সি) is used by both Bengali Hindu and Bengali Muslim families in West Bengal, India and in Bangladesh. The surname is commonly associated with former Zamindari families in Bengal from the time of the Nawabs of Bengal in the early 18th-century.thumb|Annada Munsi|Annada Munshi, Father of commercial art in India, and member of the extended [[Munshi family of Kadirpara and Chougachi]]t

Tata-tonga or Tatatunga (; ) was a 13th-century Uyghur scribe captured by Genghis Khan from the Naimans. He was involved in bringing the Old Uyghur alphabet to the Mongolian Plateau and adapting it to the form of the Mongolian script (Mongol bichig or hudum bichig). After his capture, he was invited to teach the Old Uyghur alphabet to members of the court, including the Khan's sons.

Indian scribe, IT professional and volunteer

Leader in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

Ninimma was a Mesopotamian goddess best known as a courtier of Enlil. She is well attested as a deity associated with scribal arts, and is variously described as a divine scholar, scribe or librarian by modern Assyriologists. She could also serve as an assistant of the birth goddess Ninmah, and a hymn describes her partaking in cutting of umbilical cords and determination of fates. It has also been suggested that she was associated with vegetation. In the Middle Babylonian period she additionally came to be viewed as a healing deity.