Selection

differential survival and reproduction of individuals in nature due to differences in phenotype; a key mechanism of evolution

thumb|upright=1.35|Many organisms, including aspen trees, reproduce by cloning, often creating large groups of organisms with the same [[DNA. One example depicted here is quaking aspen.]]

process by which humans use animal and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits

set of all genes in a population

the evolutionary strategy that favours the reproductive success of an organism's relatives, even at a cost to the organism's own survival and reproduction

ecological theory concerning the selection of life history traits

proposed mechanism of evolution

ratio of males to females in a population

effect of learned behavior on evolution

hypothesis in evolutionary biology

type of genetic selection favoring one extreme phenotype

type of selection in evolution where a trait stabilizes around the average value

domesticated form of the red fox

since heritable information is passed from generation to generation almost exclusively by DNA, natural selection and evolution are best considered from the perspective of genes

natural selection for extreme trait values over intermediate ones

In evolution, a maladaptation () is a trait that is (or has become) more harmful than helpful, in contrast with an adaptation, which is more helpful than harmful. All organisms, from bacteria to humans, display maladaptive and adaptive traits. Like adaptation, maladaptation may be viewed as occurring over geological time, or within the lifetime of one individual or a group.

Mechanism which genetically encodes phenotypes through evolutionary processes

genetic material that promotes its own transmission

hypothesis for altruism in evolutionary biology

any biological selection process that maintains genetic variation in the population

model used to visualise relationship between genotypes and reproductive success

selective removal of alleles that are deleterious

biological selection that depends on the abundance of each phenotype in the population

incidental selection of non-harmful genes which are close to a beneficial gene on the same DNA chain

thumb|300px|This Leucism|leucistic Indian peacock, Pavo cristatus, is unlikely to find a mate and reproduce in a natural setting due to its unusual coloration. However, its striking colour is appreciated by humans, and may be included in artificial [[selective breeding to produce more individuals with the leucistic phenotype.]]

biological selection in which heterozygotes are fitter than homozygotes for either allele

significance of the peppered moth in evolutionary biology

genetic process

aversion to the success of one's subordinates

Differential transmission of genes residing in the same genome

organisms capable of living at high altitudes

term

Model of cultural evolution

mock Latin phrase referring to a consumerist society