Subcultures

thumb|Rastafari often claim the Flag of Ethiopia#Historical flags|flag of the Ethiopian Royal Standard as was used during [[Haile Selassie's reign. It combines the conquering lion of Judah, symbol of the Ethiopian monarchy, with red, gold, and green.]]

A hippie (also spelled hippy in British English) is a subculture associated with the counterculture of the mid-1960s to early 1970s. It originated as a youth subculture that began in the United States and spread to different countries around the world. The word hippie came from hipster and was used to describe beatniks who moved into New York City's Greenwich Village, San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district, Los Angeles' Laurel Canyon, and Chicago's Old Town community. The term hippie was used in print by San Francisco writer Michael Fallon, helping popularize use of the term in the media, alt

thumb|Sun tanning|Sunbathers at [[Müggelsee lake beach, East Berlin, 1989]] Naturism is a lifestyle of practicing non-sexual social nudity in private and in public; the word also refers to the cultural movement which advocates and defends that lifestyle. Both may alternatively be called nudism. Though the two terms are broadly interchangeable, nudism emphasizes the practice of nudity, whilst naturism highlights an attitude favoring harmony with nature and respect for the environment, into which that practice is integrated. That said, naturists come from a range of philosophical and cultural ba

In the sociology of culture, a subculture is a group of people within a cultural society that differentiates itself from the values of the mainstream or dominant culture (or superculture) to which it belongs, often maintaining some of its founding principles. Subcultures develop their own norms and values regarding cultural, political, and sexual matters. Subcultures coexist within mainstream society while keeping their specific characteristics intact.

spiritual or religious beliefs and practices that developed in Western nations during the 1970s

Techno is a genre of electronic music which is generally produced for use in a continuous DJ set, with tempos being in the range from 120 to 150 beats per minute (bpm). The central rhythm is typically in common time (Time signature|) and often characterized by a repetitive four on the floor beat. Artists may use electronic instruments such as drum machines, sequencers, and synthesizers, as well as digital audio workstations. Drum machines from the 1980s such as Roland's Roland TR-808 and Roland TR-909 are highly prized, and software emulations of such retro instruments are popular in this styl

Cyberpunk is a subgenre of science fiction set in a dystopian future. It is characterized by its focus on a combination of "low-life and high tech". It features a range of futuristic technological and scientific achievements, including artificial intelligence and cyberware, which are juxtaposed with societal collapse, dystopia or decay. A significant portion of cyberpunk can be traced back to the New Wave science fiction movement of the 1960s and 1970s. During this period, prominent writers such as Philip K. Dick, Michael Moorcock, Roger Zelazny, John Brunner, J. G. Ballard, Philip José Farmer

Transhumanism is a philosophical movement that advocates the enhancement of the human condition by developing and making widely available new and future technologies to enhance longevity, cognition, and well-being. Influenced by seminal works of science fiction, the transhumanist vision of a transformed future humanity has many supporters and detractors from a wide range of perspectives, including philosophy and religion. Some critics argue that transhumanism amounts to little more than a "rebranding" of eugenics.

anti-establishment culture

Cryptozoology is a pseudoscience and subculture that searches for and studies unknown, legendary, or extinct animals whose present existence is disputed or unsubstantiated, particularly those popular in folklore, such as Bigfoot, the Loch Ness Monster, Yeti, the chupacabra, the Jersey Devil, or the mokele-mbembe. Cryptozoologists refer to these entities as cryptids, a term coined by the subculture. Because it does not follow the scientific method, cryptozoology is considered a pseudoscience by mainstream science: it is a branch of neither zoology nor folklore studies. It was originally founded

Lifestyle is the interests, opinions, behaviours, and behavioural orientations of an individual, group, or culture. The term "style of life" () was introduced by Austrian psychologist Alfred Adler in his 1929 book, The Case of Miss R., with the meaning of "a person's basic character as established early in childhood". The broader sense of lifestyle as a "way or style of living" has been documented since 1961. Lifestyle is a combination of determining intangible or tangible factors. Tangible factors relate specifically to demographic variables, i.e. an individual's demographic profile, whe

thumb|Beau Brummell Dandy statue on [[Jermyn Street, a street famous for high class tailoring.]]

subculture focused on anthropomorphic animal characters

thumb|right|Psychedelic liquid light shows using powerful lamps have been used to project swirling colours onto screens since the 1960s thumb|Cadillac Ranch, an example of psychedelic art

practices that promote simplicity in one's lifestyle; common practices of simple living include reducing the number of possessions one owns, depending less on technology and services, and spending less money

Cults are social groups which have unusual, and often extreme, religious, spiritual, or philosophical beliefs and rituals. Extreme devotion to a particular person, object, or goal is another characteristic often ascribed to cults. The term has different, divergent and often pejorative, definitions both in popular culture and academia and has been an ongoing source of contention among scholars across several fields of study.

social identity movements

various alternative cultures

culture that has emerged, or is emerging, from the use of computer networks

Flappers were a subculture of young Western women prominent after the First World War and through the 1920s who wore knee-length skirts (considered short during that period), bobbed their hair, listened to jazz, and flaunted their disdain for prevailing codes of decent behavior. Flappers have been seen as brash for wearing excessive makeup, drinking alcohol, smoking cigarettes in public, driving automobiles, treating sex in a casual manner, and otherwise flouting social and sexual norms. As automobiles became more available, flappers gained freedom of movement and privacy.

thumb|upright=1.2|thumbtime=5:51|Second Reality, a 1993 demo by the Finnish group [[Future Crew]]

difference of opinions between one generation and another regarding beliefs, politics, or values

thumb|right|200px|Cover of Ribofunk by Paul Di Filippo, a seminal biopunk story collection Biopunk (a portmanteau of "biotechnology" or "biology" and "punk") is a subgenre of science fiction that focuses on biotechnology. It is derived from cyberpunk, but focuses on the implications of biotechnology rather than mechanical cyberware and information technology. Biopunk is concerned with synthetic biology. It is derived from cyberpunk and often involves bio-hackers, biotech megacorporations, and oppressive organizations that engineer DNA. Most often keeping with the dark atmosphere of cyberpunk,

thumb|Railfan photographers in Belgium in September 2003, at the farewell of the [[NMBS/SNCB Class 51 locomotive]] thumb|Preserved steam locomotive Czechoslovak State Railways|ČSD 498.104 at a festival in [[Dresden railway museum]] A railfan, train fan, rail buff or train buff (American English), railway enthusiast, railway buff, anorak (British English), gunzel (Australian English), trainspotter (British English) or ferroequinologist is a person who is recreationally interested in trains and rail transport systems.

Jamaican street subculture

youth subculture originating in the late-2010s

community interested in do-it-yourself (technical) pursuits, from repairing household items to producing one's own food, clothes or technical items

subculture of individuals

thumb|alt=noir image.|An example of dieselpunk artDieselpunk is a retrofuturistic subgenre of science fiction similar to steampunk or cyberpunk that combines the aesthetics of the diesel-based technology of the interwar period through to the 1950s with retro-futuristic technology and postmodern sensibilities. Coined in 2001 by game designer Lewis Pollak to describe his tabletop role-playing game Children of the Sun, the term has since been applied to a variety of visual art, music, motion pictures, fiction, and engineering.

consumption of drugs to facilitate sexual activity

trend in social behavior

thumb|right|upright|Illustration from The Secret of the Golden Flower, a Chinese book of alchemy and meditation.

woman with plus-size figure

Congolese cultural movement

fandom of the animated series My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic

thumb|An acute heptagram is a common symbol for the otherkin communityOtherkin is a subculture of individuals who identify as partially or entirely nonhuman. An umbrella term for this would be alterhuman. Some otherkin believe their identity derives from non-physical spiritual phenomena, such as having a nonhuman soul or reincarnation. Some otherkin give non-spiritual explanations for themselves, such as unusual psychology or neurodivergence, or as part of dissociative identity disorder or being plural. Many otherkins say they are physically human, but not all.

thumb|A box of zines

thumb|El paseo por Andalucía, by Francisco de Goya, depicts both majas and majos. Majo (masc., ) or maja (fem., ), also manolo and manola, after the most popular names, were people from the lower classes of Spanish society, especially in Madrid, who distinguished themselves by their elaborate outfits and sense of style in dress and manners, as well as by their cheeky behavior. They flourished from the late 18th to early 19th century, and to some extent later. Majos and majas were one of the favorite subjects of some 19th-century Spanish painters.

fashionable aristocratic subculture in Paris during the French Directory (1795–1799)

application of the hacker ethic to improve their own bodies with do-it-yourself cybernetic devices

youth subculture

Neotribalism, also known as modern tribalism or new tribalism, is a sociological concept which postulates that human beings have evolved to live in tribal society, as opposed to mass society, and thus will naturally form social networks constituting new tribes.

American 1940s subculture

person who experiences having a non-human animal identity

type of culture that exists outside or on the fringes of mainstream or popular culture

Han Chinese ethnic revival movement

identity of someone that identifies as a different race than the one associated with their biological ancestry

internet meme and expression used to describe a woman who seeks male approval by rejecting behaviors traditionally associated with femininity

Gor () is the fictional setting for a series of sword and planet novels written by philosophy professor John Lange, writing as John Norman. The setting was first described in the 1966 novel Tarnsman of Gor. The series is inspired by science fantasy pulp fiction works by Edgar Rice Burroughs, such as the Barsoom series. It also includes erotica and philosophical content. The Gor series repeatedly depicts men abducting and physically and sexually brutalizing women, who grow to enjoy their submissive state. According to The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction, Norman's "sexual philosophy" is "widely

subculture

Neophile or Neophiliac, a term popularised by author Robert Anton Wilson, is a personality type characterized by a strong affinity for novelty. The term was used earlier by Christopher Booker in his 1969 book The Neophiliacs, and by J. D. Salinger in his 1965 short story "Hapworth 16, 1924".

organized network of pirate groups

thumb|300x300px|A graffiti depicts "gadesh" in Baku Gadesh () or Balagadesh () is a subculture in Azerbaijan. It is considered characteristic only for Baku and Baku suburbs. Since the late 2010s, this subculture is rarely found in the rural areas outside of Baku. Gadeshlik was a local subculture unique to Azerbaijan, especially Baku.

Wikimedia list article

Paninaro () was a social phenomenon in northern Italy during the 1980s that was characterized by an obsession with designer clothing and adherence to a lifestyle based on luxury consumption.

african-American carnival organizations in New Orleans

2000 book by Ray & Anderson

TESCREAL is a neologism proposed by computer scientist Timnit Gebru and philosopher Émile P. Torres. An acronym, it stands for Transhumanism, Extropianism, Singularitarianism, (modern) Cosmism, Rationalists (the internet community, not to be confused with other uses of the term), Effective Altruism, and Longtermism. Gebru and Torres argue that these ideologies should be treated as an "interconnected and overlapping" group with shared origins. They claim these constitute a movement that allows its proponents to use the threat of human extinction to justify expensive or detrimental projects and

Spornosexual is a blend of sports and the clipping porno, compounded with sexual. The term was coined by Mark Simpson in 2014 to describe a man "who is influenced in his appearance by the stars of sport and pornography". It recognises young men who use "their toned bodies on social media as a means of feeling valuable in society." Jamie Hakim has described this as a "power-shift of a segment of society who have historically defined themselves through their mind, whilst at the same time defining those they have subordinated - such as women - through their bodies".

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